Urologic oncologies are major public health problems worldwide. Both microRNA and autophagy, separately or concurrently, are involved in a variety of the cellular and molecular processes of multiple cancers, including urologic malignancies. In this review, we have summarized the related studies and found that microRNA-mediated autophagy acted as carcinogenic factors or suppressors in prostate cancer, kidney cancer, and bladder cancer. MiRNAs, targeted genes, and the different signaling pathways constitute a complex network that orchestrates autophagy regulation, militating the oncogenic and tumor-suppressive effects in urologic malignancies. Aberrant expression of miRNAs may induce the dysregulation of the autophagy process, resulting in tumorigenesis, progression, and resistance to anticancer therapies. Targeting specific miRNAs for autophagy modulation may present as reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or promising therapeutic strategies for urologic oncologies.

中文翻译：

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microRNA 介导的自噬在泌尿系统恶性肿瘤中的关键作用

泌尿系统肿瘤是世界范围内的主要公共卫生问题。microRNA 和自噬分别或同时参与多种癌症（包括泌尿系统恶性肿瘤）的多种细胞和分子过程。在这篇综述中，我们总结了相关研究，发现microRNA介导的自噬在前列腺癌、肾癌和膀胱癌中充当致癌因素或抑制因子。miRNA、靶基因和不同的信号通路构成了一个复杂的网络，协调自噬调节，减轻泌尿系统恶性肿瘤的致癌和肿瘤抑制作用。miRNA 的异常表达可能会诱导自噬过程失调，导致肿瘤发生、进展和抗癌治疗耐药。针对自噬调节的特定 miRNA 可能会成为可靠的诊断和预后生物标志物或有前景的泌尿肿瘤治疗策略。