Epigenetic modification plays a crucial regulatory role in the biological processes of eukaryotic cells. The recent characterization of DNA and RNA methylation is still ongoing. Tumor metastasis has long been an unconquerable feature in the fight against cancer. As an inevitable component of the epigenetic regulatory network, 5-methylcytosine is associated with multifarious cellular processes and systemic diseases, including cell migration and cancer metastasis. Recently, gratifying progress has been achieved in determining the molecular interactions between m⁵C writers (DNMTs and NSUNs), demethylases (TETs), readers (YTHDF2, ALYREF and YBX1) and RNAs. However, the underlying mechanism of RNA m⁵C methylation in cell mobility and metastasis remains unclear. The functions of m⁵C writers and readers are believed to regulate gene expression at the post-transcription level and are involved in cellular metabolism and movement. In this review, we emphatically summarize the recent updates on m⁵C components and related regulatory networks. The content will be focused on writers and readers of the RNA m⁵C modification and potential mechanisms in diseases. We will discuss relevant upstream and downstream interacting molecules and their associations with cell migration and metastasis.

中文翻译：

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RNA m5C修饰在癌症转移中的作用

表观遗传修饰在真核细胞的生物学过程中起着至关重要的调节作用。最近对 DNA 和 RNA 甲基化的表征仍在进行中。长期以来，肿瘤转移一直是抗击癌症的一个不可战胜的特征。作为表观遗传调控网络的一个不可避免的组成部分，5-甲基胞嘧啶与多种细胞过程和全身性疾病相关，包括细胞迁移和癌症转移。^{最近，在确定m 5} C writers（DNMTs和NSUNs）、去甲基化酶（TETs）、readers（YTHDF2、ALYREF和YBX1）和RNAs之间的分子相互作用方面取得了可喜的进展。^{然而，RNA m 5} C 甲基化在细胞迁移和转移中的潜在机制仍不清楚。m的功能⁵ C 的作者和读者被认为在转录后水平调节基因表达，并参与细胞代谢和运动。在这篇综述中，我们着重总结了最近关于 m ⁵ C 成分和相关监管网络的更新。内容将集中于 RNA m ⁵ C 修饰和疾病潜在机制的作者和读者。我们将讨论相关的上游和下游相互作用分子及其与细胞迁移和转移的关联。