The usefulness of ultra-fast track cardiac anaesthesia may give great benefits to patients; however, its usefulness has not been completely evaluated in infants and toddlers, who are generally considered the most difficult group for ultra-fast track cardiac anaesthesia.

A total of 130 children were allocated randomly into to a ultra-fast track cardiac anaesthesia group (Group D) or a conventional anaesthesia group (Group C) (each n = 65). In Group D, dexmedetomidine was administrated at a dosage of 1 µg/kg/hour after induction. The patient- controlled intravenous analgesia was dexmedetomidine and sufentanil. In Group C, patients were infused with of the same volume of normal saline, and sufentanil alone for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia. The dosages of sufentanil, extubation time, haemodynamic parameters, postoperative hospitalisation conditions, pain and sedation scores, blood gas analysis, and inotropic scores were all recorded.

The dosage of sufentanil (1.49 ± 0.05 vs. 3.81 ± 0.04 µg, p < 0.001) and extubation time (2.63 ± 0.52 vs. 436.60 ± 22.19 minutes, p < 0.001) in Group D were all significantly lower than those in Group C. Moreover, cardiac intensive care unit stay time, total hospital stay, hospitalisation costs, postoperative lactate levels, and inotropic scores were also significantly lower in Group D.

Using of ultra-fast track cardiac anaesthesia in infants and toddlers is effective, it not only reduce the perioperative requirement for opioids and shorten the extubation time but also decreases the inotrope requirement and provide a better postoperative condition for young children.

超快速通道心脏麻醉的用处可能会给患者带来很大的好处；然而，其在婴幼儿中的有效性尚未得到完全评估，婴幼儿通常被认为是超快速心脏麻醉最困难的群体。

共有130名儿童被随机分配到超快速通道心脏麻醉组（D组）或常规麻醉组（C组）（每组n = 65）。D组诱导后给予右美托咪定1μg/kg/小时。患者自控静脉镇痛是右美托咪定和舒芬太尼。C组患者静脉注射等量生理盐水，单用舒芬太尼进行患者自控静脉镇痛。记录舒芬太尼用量、拔管时间、血流动力学参数、术后住院情况、疼痛和镇静评分、血气分析、正性肌力评分。

D组舒芬太尼用量（1.49 ± 0.05 vs. 3.81 ± 0.04 µg, p < 0.001）和拔管时间（2.63 ± 0.52 vs. 436.60 ± 22.19 min, p < 0.001）均显着低于C组。此外，D组的心脏重症监护病房停留时间、总住院时间、住院费用、术后乳酸水平和正性肌力评分也显着降低。

在婴幼儿中使用超快速心脏麻醉是有效的，它不仅减少了围手术期对阿片类药物的需求，缩短了拔管时间，而且降低了正性肌力药物的需求，为幼儿提供了更好的术后条件。