ABSTRACT

This paper analyses the impact of the adoption of 4.0 technologies and of the Italian Government Plan on the Italian industrial structure and on work organisation and workers' conditions. The Italian industrial structure is strongly unbalanced at a territorial level, because it is concentrated in the Northern country, while the South of the country is at a great disadvantage: the industrial and employment divide is therefore very evident. The adoption of 4.0 technologies and the Italian government's plan risk further aggravating this imbalance. Northern Italian industry, however, is also a cause for concern, as it is increasingly dependent on the supply chains of German, and to some extent French, industry. The consequences of the implementation of Industry 4.0 at the factory level on working conditions are negative for workers as it leads to an increase in work rhythms, an increase in workloads, a greater control over work performance and less autonomy for workers. In general, in fact, our research has shown a strong intertwining between 4.0 technologies and the organisational model of Lean Production, an intertwining aimed at increasing the exploitation of workers.

摘要

本文分析了采用 4.0 技术和意大利政府计划对意大利产业结构以及工作组织和工人条件的影响。意大利的产业结构在地域层面上极不平衡，因为它集中在北部国家，而该国南部则处于极大劣势：因此产业和就业鸿沟非常明显。4.0 技术的采用和意大利政府的计划有可能进一步加剧这种不平衡。然而，意大利北部工业也令人担忧，因为它越来越依赖德国工业的供应链，在某种程度上也依赖法国工业。实施工业 4 的后果。工厂层面的工作条件 0 对工人不利，因为它导致工作节奏增加、工作量增加、对工作绩效的更大控制以及工人的自主权减少。总的来说，事实上，我们的研究表明 4.0 技术与精益生产的组织模式之间存在强烈的交织，这种交织旨在增加对工人的剥削。