The heparan sulfate 6-O-endosulfatases, Sulfatase 1 (Sulf1), and Sulfatase 2 (Sulf2), are extracellular enzymes that regulate cellular signaling by removing 6-O-sulfate from the heparan sulfate chain. Although previous studies have revealed that Sulfs are essential for normal development, their functions in the adult brain remain largely unknown. To gain insight into their neural functions, we used in situ hybridization to systematically examine Sulf1/2 mRNA expression in the adult mouse brain. Sulf1 and Sulf2 mRNAs showed distinct expression patterns, which is in contrast to their overlapping expression in the embryonic brain. In addition, we found that Sulf1 was distinctly expressed in the nucleus accumbens shell, the posterior tail of the striatum, layer 6 of the cerebral cortex, and the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus, all of which are target areas of dopaminergic projections. Using double-labeling techniques, we showed that Sulf1-expressing cells in the above regions coincided with cells expressing the dopamine D1 and/or D2 receptor. These findings implicate possible roles of Sulf1 in modulation of dopaminergic transmission and dopamine-mediated behaviors.

中文翻译：

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成年小鼠脑中硫酸乙酰肝素内硫酸酯酶的表达：Sulf1 和多巴胺 D1/D2 受体的共表达。

硫酸乙酰肝素 6-O-硫酸内切酶、硫酸酯酶 1 (Sulf1) 和硫酸酯酶 2 (Sulf2) 是细胞外酶，它们通过从硫酸乙酰肝素链中去除 6-O-硫酸盐来调节细胞信号传导。尽管之前的研究表明硫磺对正常发育至关重要，但它们在成人大脑中的功能仍然未知。为了深入了解它们的神经功能，我们使用原位杂交来系统地检查成年小鼠大脑中的 Sulf1/2 mRNA 表达。Sulf1 和 Sulf2 mRNA 显示出不同的表达模式，这与它们在胚胎脑中的重叠表达形成对比。此外，我们发现Sulf1在伏核壳、纹状体后尾、大脑皮层第6层和丘脑室旁核有明显表达，所有这些都是多巴胺能预测的目标区域。使用双标记技术，我们发现上述区域中表达 Sulf1 的细胞与表达多巴胺 D1 和/或 D2 受体的细胞一致。这些发现暗示了 Sulf1 在调节多巴胺能传递和多巴胺介导的行为中的可能作用。