Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a primary, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder. Many risk factors for the development of AD have been investigated, including nutrition. Although it has been proven that nutrition plays a role in AD, the precise mechanisms through which nutrition exerts its influence remain undefined. The object of this study is to address this issue by elucidating some of the mechanisms through which nutrition interacts with AD. This work is a qualitative systematic bibliographic review of the current literature searchable on various available databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Our evidence comprises 31 articles selected after a systematic search process. Patients suffering with AD present a characteristic microbiome that promotes changes in microglia generating a proinflammatory state. Many similarities exist between AD and prion diseases, both in terms of symptoms and in the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis. Changes in the composition of the gut microbiome due to dietary habits could be one of the environmental factors affecting the development of AD; however, this is probably not the only factor. Similarly, the mechanism for self-propagation of beta-amyloid seen in AD is similar to that seen in prions.

中文翻译：

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营养对阿尔茨海默病的影响：神经炎症和微生物组与传染性朊病毒。

阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种原发性、进行性、神经退行性疾病。已经研究了 AD 发展的许多风险因素，包括营养。尽管已经证明营养在 AD 中起作用，但营养发挥其影响的确切机制仍未确定。本研究的目的是通过阐明营养与 AD 相互作用的一些机制来解决这个问题。这项工作是对可在各种可用数据库（包括 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar）上搜索的当前文献的定性系统书目回顾。我们的证据包括经过系统搜索过程选择的 31 篇文章。患有 AD 的患者呈现出一种特征性的微生物组，可促进小胶质细胞的变化，从而产生促炎状态。AD 和朊病毒疾病在症状和发病分子机制方面存在许多相似之处。饮食习惯引起的肠道微生物组组成的变化可能是影响 AD 发展的环境因素之一；然而，这可能不是唯一的因素。同样，在 AD 中看到的 β-淀粉样蛋白的自我传播机制与在朊病毒中看到的类似。