When one object collides with another, the collision results in a loss of kinetic energy. The energy loss occurs mainly in the small volume of material that is compressed in the vicinity of the contact point. The effect was examined using a billiard cue with different tips. The resulting ball speed was found to vary strongly with the type of tip used, indicating that a large fraction of the energy loss occurred in the tip rather than the cue itself. The player’s hand alters both the effective mass of the cue and the coefficient of restitution.

中文翻译：

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母球碰撞中的能量损失

当一个物体与另一个物体碰撞时，碰撞会导致动能损失。能量损失主要发生在接触点附近被压缩的小体积材料中。使用具有不同尖端的台球杆检查效果。结果发现球速随所使用的尖端类型而有很大差异，这表明大部分能量损失发生在尖端而不是球杆本身。玩家的手会改变球杆的有效质量和恢复系数。