We analyze time crystal effects in a finite system of bosons which form a bright soliton clump on the Aharonov-Bohm ring. In the large particle number limit, N→∞, this setup corresponds to the Wilczek model, where it is known that the time crystal behavior cannot be observed in the ground state of the system because a spontaneously formed soliton does not move. Here, we show that while the spontaneous formation of a moving soliton in the ground state can occur for , the soliton decays before it makes a single revolution along the ring and the time crystal dynamics is impossible.

中文翻译：

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一个明亮的孤子模型能否为有限数量的玻色子揭示一个真正的时间晶体？

我们分析了有限玻色子系统中的时间晶体效应，这些玻色子在 Aharonov-Bohm 环上形成了明亮的孤子团。在大粒子数限制N → ∞ 中，此设置对应于 Wilczek 模型，其中已知在系统的基态下无法观察到时间晶体行为，因为自发形成的孤子不会移动。在这里，我们表明，虽然在基态下自发形成移动孤子可以发生，但孤子在沿环旋转一次之前就衰变了，并且时间晶体动力学是不可能的。