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Hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering microscopy facilitates differentiation of low-grade and high-grade human prostate cancer
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-03 , DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/ac2175
Xun Chen 1 , Sishan Cui 1 , Shuai Yan 2 , Shuo Zhang 1 , Yu Fan 3 , Yanqing Gong 3 , Liqun Zhou 3 , Ping Wang 2 , Lin Yao 3 , Shuhua Yue 1, 2
Affiliation  

Histopathology currently acts as a gold standard for human prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. However, the subjective nature of histopathology leads to inevitable discordance among pathologists. Specifically, the inter-observer discordance could be up to 40% for the differentiation between Gleason score 6 (low-grade) and 7 (high-grade) of PCa. According to clinical guidelines, patients with high-grade PCa need to be actively treated, while patients with low-grade PCa could undergo active surveillance due to its slowly growing feature. Therefore, differentiating high-grade and low-grade PCa is an urgent clinical need. By integrating stimulated Raman scattering microscopy and confocal Raman spectroscopy, our previous study found the aberrant cholesteryl ester (CE) accumulation in human PCa tissues. However, no significant difference in CE accumulation between the low-grade and high-grade PCa was found, primarily because the previous study only analyzed the composition of manually selected lipid droplets (LDs) without quantitative analysis of the whole field of view. Here, we employed hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering (HSRS) microscopy to test the hypothesis of CE as a marker for differentiation of low-grade and high-grade human PCa. First, lipid, lipofuscin, and protein were quantitatively mapped in human prostate tissues based on HSRS imaging of C–H vibrational region and multivariate curve resolution analysis. Then, within the lipid channel, CE percentage and unsaturation level of LDs were quantitatively mapped according to the height ratio between Raman bands at 2870 and 2850 cm−1, and between Raman bands at 3006 and 2850 cm−1, respectively. In total of 6 normal prostate tissues, 9 low-grade and 9 high-grade PCa tissues from patients, we found lipofuscin accumulation in all the normal prostate but none in PCa. While all the high-grade PCa tissues had LD accumulation, only 3 low-grade PCa tissues had LD accumulation. Notably, among all the PCa tissues with LD accumulation, no significant difference in LD amount was found between low-grade and high-grade PCa. Fortunately, both CE percentage and unsaturation level of the LDs were significantly different between low-grade and high-grade PCa. Furthermore, it was shown that CE percentage could differentiate low-grade and high-grade PCa with high sensitivity and specificity. Taken together, our study may provide a new opportunity towards more accurate PCa diagnosis.



中文翻译:

高光谱受激拉曼散射显微镜有助于区分低级别和高级别人类前列腺癌

组织病理学目前是人类前列腺癌 (PCa) 诊断的金标准。然而,组织病理学的主观性导致病理学家之间不可避免的不一致。具体而言,对于 PCa 的 Gleason 评分 6(低级)和 7(高级)之间的差异,观察者间的不一致可能高达 40%。根据临床指南,高级别 PCa 患者需要积极治疗,而低级别 PCa 患者由于其生长缓慢,可以进行主动监测。因此,区分高级别和低级别 PCa 是临床的迫切需要。通过整合受激拉曼散射显微镜和共焦拉曼光谱,我们之前的研究发现了人类 PCa 组织中异常的胆固醇酯 (CE) 积累。然而,没有发现低级和高级 PCa 之间 CE 积累的显着差异,主要是因为之前的研究仅分析了手动选择的脂滴 (LDs) 的组成,而没有对整个视野进行定量分析。在这里,我们采用高光谱受激拉曼散射 (HSRS) 显微镜来测试 CE 作为区分低级和高级人类 PCa 的标记的假设。首先,基于 C-H 振动区域的 HSRS 成像和多变量曲线分辨率分析,脂质、脂褐素和蛋白质在人前列腺组织中被定量定位。然后,在脂质通道内,根据 2870 和 2850 cm 拉曼谱带之间的高度比,定量绘制 LDs 的 CE 百分比和不饱和度水平 主要是因为之前的研究只分析了手动选择的脂滴(LDs)的成分,而没有对整个视野进行定量分析。在这里,我们采用高光谱受激拉曼散射 (HSRS) 显微镜来测试 CE 作为区分低级和高级人类 PCa 的标记的假设。首先,基于 C-H 振动区域的 HSRS 成像和多变量曲线分辨率分析,脂质、脂褐素和蛋白质在人前列腺组织中被定量定位。然后,在脂质通道内,根据 2870 和 2850 cm 拉曼谱带之间的高度比,定量绘制 LDs 的 CE 百分比和不饱和度水平 主要是因为之前的研究只分析了手动选择的脂滴(LDs)的成分,而没有对整个视野进行定量分析。在这里,我们采用高光谱受激拉曼散射 (HSRS) 显微镜来测试 CE 作为区分低级和高级人类 PCa 的标记的假设。首先,基于 C-H 振动区域的 HSRS 成像和多变量曲线分辨率分析,脂质、脂褐素和蛋白质在人前列腺组织中被定量定位。然后,在脂质通道内,根据 2870 和 2850 cm 拉曼谱带之间的高度比,定量绘制 LDs 的 CE 百分比和不饱和度水平 在这里,我们采用高光谱受激拉曼散射 (HSRS) 显微镜来测试 CE 作为区分低级和高级人类 PCa 的标记的假设。首先,基于 C-H 振动区域的 HSRS 成像和多变量曲线分辨率分析,脂质、脂褐素和蛋白质在人前列腺组织中被定量定位。然后,在脂质通道内,根据 2870 和 2850 cm 拉曼谱带之间的高度比,定量绘制 LDs 的 CE 百分比和不饱和度水平 在这里,我们采用高光谱受激拉曼散射 (HSRS) 显微镜来测试 CE 作为区分低级和高级人类 PCa 的标记的假设。首先,基于 C-H 振动区域的 HSRS 成像和多变量曲线分辨率分析,脂质、脂褐素和蛋白质在人前列腺组织中被定量定位。然后,在脂质通道内,根据 2870 和 2850 cm 拉曼谱带之间的高度比,定量绘制 LDs 的 CE 百分比和不饱和度水平 基于 C-H 振动区域的 HSRS 成像和多变量曲线分辨率分析,在人前列腺组织中定量定位了 和蛋白质。然后,在脂质通道内,根据 2870 和 2850 cm 拉曼谱带之间的高度比,定量绘制 LDs 的 CE 百分比和不饱和度水平 基于 C-H 振动区域的 HSRS 成像和多变量曲线分辨率分析,在人前列腺组织中定量定位了 和蛋白质。然后,在脂质通道内,根据 2870 和 2850 cm 拉曼谱带之间的高度比,定量绘制 LDs 的 CE 百分比和不饱和度水平-1,以及在 3006 和 2850 cm -1 的拉曼谱带之间, 分别。在来自患者的 6 个正常前列腺组织、9 个低级别和 9 个高级别 PCa 组织中,我们发现所有正常前列腺中都有脂褐素积累,但在 PCa 中没有。虽然所有高级别 PCa 组织都有 LD 积累,但只有 3 个低级别 PCa 组织有 LD 积累。值得注意的是,在所有具有 LD 积累的 PCa 组织中,低级别和高级别 PCa 之间的 LD 量没有显着差异。幸运的是,低品位和高品位 PCa 之间的 LD 的 CE 百分比和不饱和度水平显着不同。此外,表明 CE 百分比可以以高灵敏度和特异性区分低级别和高级别 PCa。总之,我们的研究可能为更准确的 PCa 诊断提供新的机会。

更新日期:2021-09-03
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