The tension between early and late Universe probes of the Hubble constant has motivated various new FLRW cosmologies. Here, we reanalyse the Hubble tension with a recent age of the Universe constraint. This allows us to restrict attention to matter and a dark energy sector that we treat without assuming a specific model. Assuming analyticity of the Hubble parameter H(z), and a generic low redshift modification to flat ΛCDM, we find that low redshift data (z ≲ 2.5) and well-motivated priors only permit a dark energy sector close to the cosmological constant Λ. This restriction rules out late Universe modifications within FLRW. We show that early Universe physics that alters the sound horizon can yield an upper limit of H ₀ ∼ 71 1 km s⁻¹ Mpc⁻¹. Since various local determinations may be converging to H ₀ ∼ 73 km s⁻¹ Mpc⁻¹, a breakdown of the FLRW framework is a plausible resolution. We outline how future data, in particular strongly lensed quasar data, could also provide further confirmations of such a resolution.

哈勃常数的早期和晚期宇宙探测之间的紧张关系激发了各种新的 FLRW 宇宙学。在这里，我们用宇宙约束的最近年龄重新分析哈勃张力。这使我们能够在不假设特定模型的情况下将注意力限制在我们处理的物质和暗能量部门。假设哈勃参数H ( z ) 的解析性，以及对平坦 ΛCDM 的通用低红移修正，我们发现低红移数据 ( z ≲ 2.5) 和动机良好的先验只允许暗能量扇区接近宇宙常数 Λ。此限制排除了 FLRW 中的后期 Universe 修改。我们表明，改变声音视界的早期宇宙物理学可以产生H _{0 的}上限∼ 71 1 km s ^-1 Mpc ^-1。由于各种局部确定可能会收敛到H ₀ ∼ 73 km s ^-1 Mpc ^-1，因此 FLRW 框架的分解是一个合理的解决方案。我们概述了未来的数据，特别是强透镜类星体数据，也可以如何进一步证实这种分辨率。