The Taurus-Auriga complex is the prototypical low-mass star-forming region, and provides a unique testbed of the star formation process, which left observable imprints on the spatial, kinematic, and temporal structure of its stellar population. Taurus’s rich observational history has uncovered peculiarities that suggest a complicated star-forming event, such as members at large distances from the molecular clouds and evidence of an age spread. With Gaia, an in-depth study of the Taurus census is possible, to confirm membership, identify substructure, and reconstruct its star formation history. We have compiled an expansive census of the greater Taurus region, identifying spatial subgroups and confirming that Taurus is substructured across stellar density. There are two populations of subgroups: clustered groups near the clouds and sparse groups spread throughout the region. The sparse groups comprise Taurus’s distributed population, which is on average older than the population near the clouds, and hosts subpopulations up to 15 Myr old. The ages of the clustered groups increase with distance, suggesting that the current star formation was triggered from behind. Still, the region is kinematically coherent, and its velocity structure reflects an initial turbulent spectrum similar to Larson’s Law that has been modified by dynamical relaxation. Overall, Taurus has a complicated star formation history, with at least two epochs of star formation featuring both clustered and distributed modes. Given the correlations between age and spatial distribution, Taurus might be part of a galaxy-scale star-forming event that can only begin to be understood in the Gaia era.

金牛座-御夫座复合体是典型的低质量恒星形成区，为恒星形成过程提供了一个独特的试验台，在其恒星群的空间、运动学和时间结构上留下了可观察的印记。金牛座丰富的观测历史揭示了暗示复杂恒星形成事件的特征，例如距离分子云很远的成员以及年龄传播的证据。有了盖亚，对金牛座人口普查的深入研究成为可能，以确认成员身份、识别子结构并重建其恒星形成历史。我们编制了大金牛座地区的广泛普查，确定了空间亚群，并确认金牛座是跨恒星密度的亚结构。有两个子群：云层附近的集群和稀疏的群体遍布整个地区。稀疏群体包括金牛座的分布人口，平均比云附近的人口年龄大，并且拥有高达 15 Myr 的亚种群。星团的年龄随着距离的增加而增加，表明当前的恒星形成是从后面触发的。尽管如此，该区域在运动学上是相干的，其速度结构反映了类似于拉森定律的初始湍流频谱，该定律已被动态弛豫修改。总体而言，金牛座有着复杂的恒星形成历史，至少有两个恒星形成时期具有集群和分布式两种模式。鉴于年龄和空间分布之间的相关性，