Depletion of fossil fuels resources has triggered more research on finding potential alternative sources that are more sustainable such as biomass waste. However, deconstruction of the complex biomass waste into desired products is too challenging and usually require a strong catalyst with a great hydrolysing property. Common acids such as sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid were the most studies for biomass conversion. These liquid acids catalysts suffer low recovery and recyclability that can be overcome by a solid acid catalyst. Heteropoly acid (HPA) catalyst is the preferred choice to replace these common acid catalysts as it is known to have a strong Bronsted acid site with an oxidizing property that allows this catalyst to hydrolyse and oxidize in one-step reaction. Furthermore, heteropoly acid (HPA) catalyst can be modified into heterogenous type of catalyst by solidifying HPA to increase the surface area and recyclability. Future work of this research is necessary to improvise the previous method of the catalyst preparation and to suppress the by-products after the catalytic process. In this review, we summarize the use of HPA catalyst in the complex reaction process of biomass conversion to valuable chemical products.

化石燃料资源的枯竭引发了更多的研究，以寻找更可持续的潜在替代来源，例如生物质废物。然而，将复杂的生物质废物分解成所需的产品太具有挑战性，通常需要具有很强水解性能的强催化剂。硫酸、盐酸和硝酸等常用酸是生物质转化研究最多的酸。这些液体酸催化剂的回收率和可回收性低，而固体酸催化剂可以克服这些问题。杂多酸 (HPA) 催化剂是替代这些常见酸催化剂的首选，因为已知杂多酸 (HPA) 催化剂具有强布朗斯台德酸位点，具有氧化性，允许该催化剂在一步反应中水解和氧化。此外，杂多酸 (HPA) 催化剂可以通过固化 HPA 来改性为多相催化剂，以增加表面积和可回收性。这项研究的未来工作对于改进以前的催化剂制备方法和抑制催化过程后的副产物是必要的。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 HPA 催化剂在生物质转化为有价值化学产品的复杂反应过程中的应用。