The ethnographic focus of this paper is a group of sourdough bakers based in Finland, with a specific view on a fermentation workshop in 2019. In this workshop, emerging human-microbe relations were drawn, bringing attention to a post-antibiotic world. Studying bread making necessitates a more-than-human analysis that foregrounds microbes as central characters situated in the political climate of increasing populism and the Anthropocene. In this paper I describe bakers, termed microbiohackers, putting forward critiques of capitalism that link ecological extraction, political oppression, and industrial food production. Crafting an alternative to the dominant public health narrative of microbes as a threat and antimicrobial resistance, I use the notion of diffraction to discuss the complex entanglements of the microbial/material and social/political. In the hands of the bakers, fermentation, sourdough, and antimicrobial resistance present an opportunity to question dualisms of how microbes are thought about and to create emergent post-antibiotic futures.

中文翻译：

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后抗生素世界的发酵

本文的人种学焦点是一群总部位于芬兰的酸面包师，对 2019 年发酵车间的具体看法。在这个车间中，新兴的人类与微生物的关系被吸引，引起人们对后抗生素世界的关注。研究面包制作需要进行超越人类的分析，将微生物作为处于日益增长的民粹主义和人类世的政治气候中的核心特征。在这篇论文中，我描述了被称为微生物黑客的面包师，他们对资本主义提出了批评，这些批评将生态提取、政治压迫和工业食品生产联系起来。为微生物作为威胁和抗微生物药物耐药性这一主流的公共卫生叙事制作替代方案，我使用衍射的概念来讨论微生物/材料和社会/政治的复杂纠缠。