The rhizosphere is of great interest to scholars as the main area where root-soil-microflora interactions occur. Studies on rhizosphere microorganisms have been mainly focused on medicinal plants, while little research has been done on ornamental plants. Paeonia lactiflora is a perennial herb peony, that belongs to Paeoniaceae and is widely used worldwide as an ornamental plant. To study the rhizosphere microbial communities of different cultivars of P. lactiflora, we analyzed the rhizosphere microbial communities of four cultivars of P. lactiflora using high-throughput sequencing technology. In our study, 62,139 to 65,634 high-quality sequences belonging to 9654 distinct Operational Taxonomic Units were obtained in each sample. Among all sequences, the dominant phyla with relative abundance greater than 1% were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, Myxococcota, Verrucomicrobiota, Bacteroidota, Crenarchaeota, Planctomycetota and Firmicutes. We found that the rhizosphere bacterial communities of four cultivars of P. lactiflora did not differ significantly in general, but there were some differences. The dominant rhizosphere microorganisms of P. lactiflora are Proteobacteria and Acidobacteriota. The bacterial communities of the peony cultivars ‘Zi Feng Yu’ and ‘Yang Fei Chu Yu’ contained more bacteria that can promote plant growth under environmental stresses such as drought and high salinity compared to the other two cultivars. By analyzing the soil factors related with the P. lactiflora rhizosphere bacterial community, we found that different soil factors had effects on the abundance of the dominant bacterial genus in the rhizosphere soil of P. lactiflora. Among them, pH and alkaline phosphatase significantly affected the bacterial community, including Elusimicrobia, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirota, Planctomycetota, etc. These results fill the gap in the study of rhizosphere microorganisms in P. lactiflora and provide a reference for future research on biofertilizers and the promotion of peony cultivation.

根际作为发生根-土壤-微生物群落相互作用的主要区域，引起了学者们的极大兴趣。对根际微生物的研究主要集中在药用植物上，而对观赏植物的研究很少。芍药属芍药属多年生草本植物，在世界范围内作为观赏植物广泛使用。为研究不同品种乳花的根际微生物群落，我们分析了4个乳花品种的根际微生物群落。采用高通量测序技术。在我们的研究中，每个样本中获得了 62,139 到 65,634 个高质量序列，属于 9654 个不同的操作分类单元。在所有序列中，相对丰度大于 1% 的优势门为 Proteobacteria、Acidobacteriota、Actinobacteriota、Myxococcota、Verrucomicrobiota、Bacteroidota、Crenarchaeota、Planctomycetota 和 Firmicutes。我们发现，4个品种的根际细菌群落芍药没有一般显著不同，但也有一些差异。P.lactiflora的优势根际微生物是变形杆菌和酸杆菌。与其他两个品种相比，牡丹品种'紫凤玉'和'杨飞初玉'的细菌群落含有更多的细菌，可以在干旱和高盐度等环境胁迫下促进植物生长。通过分析与P.lactiflora根际细菌群落相关的土壤因子，我们发现不同的土壤因素对P.lactiflora根际土壤中优势细菌属的丰度有影响。其中，pH和碱性磷酸酶显着影响细菌群落，包括Elusimicrobia、Gemmatimonadetes、Nitrospirota、Planctomycetota等。这些结果填补了P.lactiflora根际微生物研究的空白，为今后生物肥料的研究和牡丹栽培的推广提供了参考。