The composition of endophytic communities is dynamic and demonstrates host specificity; besides, they have great intra- and interspecific genetic variability. In this work, we isolated leaf endophytic fungi from Serjania laruotteana, identify them using multilocus analysis, and evaluate the genetic variability using IRAP (inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism) and REMAP (retrotransposon-microssatellite amplified polymorphism). A total of 261 fungi were isolated and 58 were identified. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis using the partial sequences from the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 regions, elongation factor 1-alpha, β-tubulin, actin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and calmodulin genes identify that most strains belonged to the Colletotrichum and Diaporthe genera, other isolated genera were Xylaria, Phyllosticta, Muyocopron, Fusarium, Nemania, Plectosphaerella, Corynespora, Bipolaris, and Curvularia. The IRAP and REMAP analyzes were performed with Colletotrichum and Diaporthe genera and showed 100% of polymorphism and high intra- and interspecific variability. This is the first report of the diversity of endophytic fungi from S. laruotteana. In addition, it demonstrated that the IRAP and REMAP can be used to distinguish morphologically similar lineages, revealing differences even strains of the same species.

内生群落的组成是动态的并且表现出宿主特异性；此外，它们具有很大的种内和种间遗传变异性。在这项工作中，我们从Serjania laruotteana中分离出叶片内生真菌，使用多位点分析对其进行鉴定，并使用 IRAP（反转录转座子间扩增多态性）和 REMAP（反转录转座子-微卫星扩增多态性）评估遗传变异性。共分离出261种真菌，鉴定出58种。使用来自 ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 区域的部分序列、延伸因子 1-α、β-微管蛋白、肌动蛋白、甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶和钙调蛋白基因的多位点系统发育分析确定大多数菌株属于炭疽菌和Diaporthe属，其他分离的属是Xylaria、Phyllosticta、Muyocopron、Fusarium、Nemania、Plectosphaerella、Corynespora、Bipolaris和Curvularia。IRAP 和 REMAP 分析是用炭疽菌属和Diaporthe属进行的，显示出 100% 的多态性和高的种内和种间变异性。这是关于S. laruotteana内生真菌多样性的第一份报告. 此外，它证明了 IRAP 和 REMAP 可用于区分形态相似的谱系，即使是同一物种的菌株也能揭示差异。