Renewable Energy ( IF 9.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2021.08.124 S. Kaplanis 1, 2 , E. Kaplani 3 , J.K. Kaldellis 1
A novel compact model is developed to predict the PV temperature Tpv, coefficient f which relates Tpv with the in-plane solar irradiance IT, and power output Pm. The Tpv, IT, ambient temperature Ta, and wind velocity vw on a sun-tracking pc-Si PV and c-Si BIPV were monitored. f depends explicitly on vw, PV efficiency, heat losses coefficient, and implicitly on Tpv, IT, Ta, loosely on the module inclination at low vw, while this effect weakens at high vw. Tpv prediction is provided by means of 5 functions, which cater for the deviation of the environmental conditions from the Standard Operating Conditions, the operating efficiency, the natural ageing, PV geometry and cell technology. The Tpv prediction for the sun-tracking system has relative error 2.6% for PV operating temperatures around the NOCT, and may overestimate by up to 1.4 °C. Similarly, the relative error for the BIPV system is −2.1% for PV temperatures around the NOCT, with underestimation up to 1.6 °C. The model predicted Pm with relative error 1.9% for PV operating near its nominal value. The model is compared to 3 well-known models and also applied to other BIPV/BAPV configurations in various countries proving its wide applicability, high accuracy and universality.
中文翻译:
独立式、BIPV 和 BAPV 中的 PV 温度和性能预测,包括温度和倾斜度对传热系数的影响以及风、效率和老化的影响
一种新颖的紧凑模型来预测PV温度Ť PV,系数˚F其涉及Ť PV与面内太阳辐照我Ť,和功率输出P米。对太阳跟踪 pc-Si PV 和 c-Si BIPV 上的T pv、I T、环境温度T a和风速 v w进行了监测。f明确取决于 v w、PV 效率、热损失系数,并隐含地取决于T pv、I T,T a,在低 v w时对模块倾角松散,而在高 v w时这种影响减弱。T pv预测是通过 5 个功能提供的,它们满足环境条件与标准操作条件的偏差、操作效率、自然老化、PV 几何结构和电池技术。太阳跟踪系统的 T pv预测对于 NOCT 附近的 PV 工作温度具有 2.6% 的相对误差,并且可能高估高达 1.4 °C。同样,BIPV 系统在 NOCT 附近的 PV 温度的相对误差为 -2.1%,低估高达 1.6 °C。模型预测 P mPV 在其标称值附近运行时的相对误差为 1.9%。该模型与3个知名模型进行对比,并应用于各国的其他BIPV/BAPV配置,证明了其广泛的适用性、高精度和通用性。