Aims

Celiac disease (CD) is frequent amongst patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Since there is a disagreement on the optimal interval and frequency to perform screening tests for CD among diabetic patients, this study aimed to evaluate these issues amongst patients with T1DM.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study was conducted in seven referral diabetic centers in different cities of Iran from January 2020 to January 2021. Data belonging to 106 patients who were affected by both T1DM and CD was collected. The time interval between CD diagnosis and diabetes (IBCD), the age of diabetes onset, and any associated diseases, symptoms, and family history of T1DM and CD were recorded and analyzed.

Results

Results show that 45% of the patients with CD were diagnosed during the first year of diabetes onset; furthermore, 18% and 16% of the patients with CD were diagnosed in the second or third year after being diagnosed with diabetes. In addition, another 18% of patients with CD were diagnosed during the fourth till the eighth year after diabetes onset. Moreover, there was a negative relationship between the age of T1DM diagnosis and IBCD. Most participants were asymptomatic at the time of CD diagnosis.

Conclusions

Screening tests to detect CD amongst patients with T1DM should continue for at least eight years after the initial T1DM diagnosis, especially those affected at a younger age.

中文翻译：

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在 1 型糖尿病患者中筛查乳糜泻的最佳频率：一项多中心研究

目标

乳糜泻 (CD) 在 1 型糖尿病 (T1DM) 患者中很常见。由于在糖尿病患者中进行 CD 筛查测试的最佳间隔和频率存在分歧，本研究旨在评估 T1DM 患者的这些问题。

方法

这项回顾性队列研究于 2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 1 月在伊朗不同城市的七个转诊糖尿病中心进行。收集了 106 名同时受 T1DM 和 CD 影响的患者的数据。记录和分析 CD 诊断与糖尿病 (IBCD) 之间的时间间隔、糖尿病发病年龄以及 T1DM 和 CD 的任何相关疾病、症状和家族史。

结果

结果显示，45% 的 CD 患者在糖尿病发病的第一年就被诊断出来；此外，分别有 18% 和 16% 的 CD 患者在确诊糖尿病后的第二年或第三年被确诊。此外，另有 18% 的 CD 患者在糖尿病发病后的第 4 年至第 8 年期间被诊断出来。此外，T1DM 诊断年龄与 IBCD 呈负相关。大多数参与者在诊断 CD 时没有症状。

结论

在 T1DM 患者中检测 CD 的筛查试验应在最初诊断 T1DM 后持续至少 8 年，尤其是那些在较年轻时受影响的患者。