In the context of the survivability of a firm’s supply chain during the worldwide COVID-19 crisis, there is still much to be explored. This study employs the viable system model to conceptualize the virtual enterprise, big data, and knowledge ambidexterity capability that can facilitate supply chain survivability. Empirical data have been collected from various industries in Indonesia (the largest labor force in Southeast Asia). SEM-SmartPLS and SPSS were used to validate the model. The results suggest that firms need to realize that the explorative and exploitative of knowledge have different effects and are integrated in different ways into the survivability of a supply chain. The findings also revealed two roles for mediation, whereby revolutionizing the explorative of knowledge and the analytics of big data through virtual enterprise are crucial strategies to achieves the survivability of the supply chain. A novel value added is the inclusion of a systems-environment perspective and knowledge-technology matrix, especially in times of crisis.

在全球 COVID-19 危机期间公司供应链的生存能力方面，仍有许多需要探索的地方。本研究采用可行的系统模型来概念化可以促进供应链生存的虚拟企业、大数据和知识二元化能力。已经从印度尼西亚（东南亚最大的劳动力）的各个行业收集了实证数据。SEM-SmartPLS 和 SPSS 被用来验证模型。结果表明，企业需要意识到知识的探索性和开发性具有不同的影响，并以不同的方式整合到供应链的生存能力中。调查结果还揭示了调解的两个作用，通过虚拟企业彻底改变知识探索和大数据分析是实现供应链生存能力的关键战略。一个新的附加值是包含系统环境视角和知识技术矩阵，尤其是在危机时期。