ABSTRACT

To resolve the growing problem of drug resistance in the treatment of bacterial and fungal pathogens, specific cellular targets and pathways can be used as targets for new antimicrobial agents. Endogenous riboflavin biosynthesis is a conserved pathway that exists in most bacteria and fungi. In this review, the roles of endogenous and exogenous riboflavin in infectious disease as well as several antibacterial agents, which act as analogues of the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway, are summarized. In addition, the effects of exogenous riboflavin on immune cells, cytokines, and heat shock proteins are described. Moreover, the immune response of endogenous riboflavin metabolites in infectious diseases, recognized by MHC-related protein-1, and then presented to mucosal associated invariant T cells, is highlighted. This information will provide a strategy to identify novel drug targets as well as highlight the possible clinical use of riboflavin.

摘要

为了解决细菌和真菌病原体治疗中日益严重的耐药性问题，特定的细胞靶点和通路可用作新抗菌剂的靶点。内源性核黄素生物合成是存在于大多数细菌和真菌中的保守途径。在这篇综述中，总结了内源性和外源性核黄素在传染病中的作用，以及作为核黄素生物合成途径类似物的几种抗菌剂。此外，还描述了外源性核黄素对免疫细胞、细胞因子和热休克蛋白的影响。此外，内源性核黄素代谢物在传染病中的免疫反应，被 MHC 相关蛋白 1 识别，然后呈递给粘膜相关的不变 T 细胞，这一点得到了强调。