ABSTRACT

In this study, the effects of enrofloxacin-based antibiotic (EBA) used as a drug in veterinary medicine were evaluated on zebrafish embryos and larvae. The embryos were exposed to 17.56–300 mg L⁻¹ EBA for 96 h and survival rates and body malformations were evaluated under a stereo-microscope. In addition, 10-days larvae were exposed to LC₅₀/4, LC₅₀/2 and LC₅₀ concentrations of antibiotic for 72 h and activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase, carboxylesterase, acetylcholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferases (AST) were measured. LC₅₀ and EC₅₀ values and the teratogenic index (TI) were calculated as 150.1 and 124.8 mg L⁻¹ and 1.2, respectively. EBA was teratogen for zebrafish embryos according to calculated TI. Spinal curvature, tail malformation, pericardial oedema and yolk sac oedema were determined in embryos exposed to 88.8 mg L⁻¹ and higher EBA concentrations. Furthermore, significant growth inhibitions were determined in larvae exposed to 59.26 mg L⁻¹ and above EBA concentrations. Also, 75 and 150 mg L⁻¹ concentrations of EBA caused a significant increase in GST, LDH and AST activities in zebrafish larvae. These results show that EBA causes adverse effects on zebrafish development and may adversely affect the aquatic ecosystem if it enters the aquatic environment.

摘要

在这项研究中，评估了在兽医学中用作药物的恩诺沙星抗生素 (EBA) 对斑马鱼胚胎和幼虫的影响。胚胎暴露于 17.56–300 mg L ^{- 1} EBA 96 小时，并在立体显微镜下评估存活率和身体畸形。此外，10 天的幼虫暴露于 LC ₅₀ /4、LC ₅₀ /2 和 LC ₅₀浓度的抗生素 72 小时，以及谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 (GST)、谷胱甘肽还原酶、羧酸酯酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶、乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH) 的活性) 和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶 (AST)。LC ₅₀和 EC ₅₀值和致畸指数 (TI) 分别计算为 150.1 和 124.8 mg L ^{- 1}和 1.2。根据计算的 TI，EBA 是斑马鱼胚胎的致畸剂。在暴露于 88.8 mg L ^{- 1}和更高 EBA 浓度的胚胎中确定了脊柱弯曲、尾部畸形、心包水肿和卵黄囊水肿。此外，在暴露于 59.26 mg L ^{- 1}和更高 EBA 浓度的幼虫中确定了显着的生长抑制。此外，75 和 150 mg L ^{− 1}EBA 的浓度导致斑马鱼幼虫的 GST、LDH 和 AST 活性显着增加。这些结果表明，EBA 对斑马鱼的发育造成不利影响，如果进入水生环境，可能会对水生生态系统产生不利影响。