Public transit is immensely important among recent immigrants for enabling daily travel and activity participation. The objectives of this study are to examine whether immigrants settle in areas of high or low transit accessibility and how this affects transit mode share. This is analyzed via a novel comparison of two gateway cities: Sydney, Australia and Toronto, Canada. We find that in both cities, recent immigrants have greater levels of public transit accessibility to jobs, on average, than the overall population, but the geography of immigrant settlement is more suburbanized and less clustered around commuter rail in Toronto than in Sydney. Using logistic regression models with spatial filters, we find significant positive relationships between immigrant settlement patterns and transit mode share for commuting trips, after controlling for transit accessibility and other socio-economic factors, indicating an increased reliance on public transit by recent immigrants. Importantly, via a sensitivity analysis, we find that these effects are greatest in peripheral suburbs and rural areas, indicating that recent immigrants in these areas have more risks of transport-related social exclusion due to reliance on insufficient transit service.

公共交通对于新移民来说非常重要，可以促进日常出行和参与活动。本研究的目的是检查移民是否定居在交通便利性高或低的地区，以及这如何影响交通方式的份额。这是通过对两个门户城市的新颖比较来分析的：澳大利亚悉尼和加拿大多伦多。我们发现，在这两个城市中，平均而言，新移民在公共交通上的就业机会比总人口要高，但与悉尼相比，多伦多的移民定居点更加郊区化，更少集中在通勤铁路周围。使用带有空间过滤器的逻辑回归模型，我们发现移民定居模式与通勤出行的交通方式份额之间存在显着的正相关关系，在控制了交通可达性和其他社会经济因素之后，表明新移民对公共交通的依赖程度增加。重要的是，通过敏感性分析，我们发现这些影响在外围郊区和农村地区最大，表明这些地区的新移民由于依赖不足的交通服务而面临更多与交通相关的社会排斥的风险。