Background:Social anxiety is prevalent in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease but why this is, is not yet well understood. Social cognitions, safety-seeking behaviours and internally focused attention are all known to predict social anxiety in the general population. These associated factors have not yet been explored in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, where disease severity and motor symptoms might also influence the experience of social anxiety.Aims:This study aimed to explore the relationship between cognitive behavioural factors and social anxiety in Parkinson’s disease.Method:Using a cross-sectional design, 124 people with Parkinson’s disease completed self-report questionnaires including measures of Parkinson’s disease severity, social anxiety, negative social cognitions, safety-seeking behaviours, internally focused attention, anxiety and depression.Results:The final regression model accounted for 71.6% of variance in social anxiety. Cognitive behavioural variables accounted for the largest magnitude of unique variance (43.5%). Sex, anxiety and depression accounted for 23.4%, and Parkinson non-motor symptom severity for 4.7%. Negative social cognitions and safety-seeking behaviours were statistically significant predictors, while an internal focus of attention was not.Conclusions:Social anxiety in Parkinson’s disease is associated with negative social cognitions and safety-seeking behaviours. Findings indicate the need for further research into cognitive behavioural approaches to social anxiety in Parkinson’s disease.

中文翻译：

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认知行为因素对帕金森病社交焦虑的贡献

背景：社交焦虑在特发性帕金森病中普遍存在，但其原因尚不清楚。众所周知，社会认知、寻求安全的行为和内部集中注意力都可以预测普通人群的社交焦虑。这些相关因素尚未在特发性帕金森病中得到探索，疾病严重程度和运动症状也可能影响社交焦虑的体验。目的：本研究旨在探讨认知行为因素与帕金森病社交焦虑之间的关系。方法：使用横断面设计，124 名帕金森病患者完成了自我报告问卷，包括帕金森病严重程度、社交焦虑、消极社会认知、寻求安全的行为、内部集中注意力、焦虑和抑郁。 结果：最终回归模型占社交焦虑方差的71.6%。认知行为变量占独特方差的最大幅度（43.5%）。性、焦虑和抑郁占 23.4%，帕金森非运动症状严重程度占 4.7%。消极的社会认知和寻求安全的行为是具有统计学意义的预测因子，而内部关注的焦点不是。结论：帕金森病的社交焦虑与消极的社会认知和寻求安全的行为有关。研究结果表明，需要进一步研究帕金森病社交焦虑的认知行为方法。认知行为变量占独特方差的最大幅度（43.5%）。性、焦虑和抑郁占 23.4%，帕金森非运动症状严重程度占 4.7%。消极的社会认知和寻求安全的行为是具有统计学意义的预测因子，而内部关注的焦点不是。结论：帕金森病的社交焦虑与消极的社会认知和寻求安全的行为有关。研究结果表明，需要进一步研究帕金森病社交焦虑的认知行为方法。认知行为变量占独特方差的最大幅度（43.5%）。性、焦虑和抑郁占 23.4%，帕金森非运动症状严重程度占 4.7%。消极的社会认知和寻求安全的行为是具有统计学意义的预测因子，而内部关注的焦点不是。结论：帕金森病的社交焦虑与消极的社会认知和寻求安全的行为有关。研究结果表明，需要进一步研究帕金森病社交焦虑的认知行为方法。而内部关注点则没有。结论：帕金森病的社交焦虑与消极的社会认知和寻求安全的行为有关。研究结果表明，需要进一步研究帕金森病社交焦虑的认知行为方法。而内部关注点则没有。结论：帕金森病的社交焦虑与消极的社会认知和寻求安全的行为有关。研究结果表明，需要进一步研究帕金森病社交焦虑的认知行为方法。