Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor and its 5-year survival rate is much lower than 30% due to its invasiveness and pronounced metastasis ability, as well as the difficulty in early diagnosis. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 C (UBE2C) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the UBE2C expression in ESCC by collecting the protein and mRNA expression data (including in-house RNA-seq, in-hosue immunohistochemistry, TCGA-GTEx RNA-seq and tissue microarray) to calculate a combined standardized mean difference (SMD) and summary receiver operating characteristic curve (sROC). Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method was used for survival analysis. We also explored the mechanism of UBE2C in ESCC by combing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of ESCC, related-genes of UBE2C in ESCC and the putative miRNAs and lncRNAs which may regulate UBE2C. UBE2C protein and mRNA were highly expressed in ESCC tissues (including 772 ESCC tissue samples and 1837 non-cancerous tissue control samples). The pooled SMD of UBE2C expression values was 1.98 (95% CI: 1.51–2.45, p < 0.001), and the the area under the curve (AUC) of the sROC was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.90–0.95). The results of survival analysis suggested that UBE2C is likely to play different roles in different stages of the ESCC. Pathway anaylsis showed that UBE2C mainly influenced the biological function of esophageal cancer by synergistic effects with CDK1, PTTG1 and SKP2. We also constructed a potential UBE2C-related ceRNA network for ESCC (HCP5/has-miR-139-5p/UBE2C). UBE2C mRNA and protein level were highly expressed in ESCC and UBE2C was likely to play different roles in different stages of the ESCC.

中文翻译：

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UBE2C在食管鳞癌组织中的过表达及分子分析

食管癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤，由于侵袭性强、转移能力强、早期诊断困难，其5年生存率远低于30%。本研究旨在阐明泛素结合酶E2C（UBE2C）在食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）中的分子机制。在本研究中，我们通过收集蛋白质和 mRNA 表达数据（包括内部 RNA-seq、内部免疫组织化学、TCGA-GTEx RNA-seq 和组织微阵列）对 ESCC 中的 UBE2C 表达进行了综合评估，以计算合并标准化平均差 (SMD) 和汇总接收者操作特征曲线 (sROC)。Kaplan-Meier (KM) 方法用于生存分析。我们还通过结合ESCC的差异表达基因（DEG）、ESCC中UBE2C的相关基因以及可能调节UBE2C的推定miRNA和lncRNA，探索了UBE2C在ESCC中的作用机制。UBE2C 蛋白和 mRNA 在 ESCC 组织中高表达（包括 772 个 ESCC 组织样本和 1837 个非癌组织对照样本）。UBE2C 表达值的合并 SMD 为 1.98（95% CI：1.51-2.45，p < 0.001），sROC 的曲线下面积 (AUC) 为 0.93（95% CI：0.90-0.95）。生存分析结果提示UBE2C可能在ESCC的不同阶段发挥不同的作用。通路分析表明，UBE2C主要通过与CDK1、PTTG1和SKP2的协同作用影响食管癌的生物学功能。我们还为 ESCC 构建了一个潜在的 UBE2C 相关 ceRNA 网络（HCP5/has-miR-139-5p/UBE2C）。UBE2C mRNA 和蛋白质水平在 ESCC 中高表达，UBE2C 可能在 ESCC 的不同阶段发挥不同的作用。