ABSTRACT

This work aimed to develop biodegradable composites formed from corn starch-based films and cellulose extracted from pineapple crown residue. Fibers obtained from the crowns underwent alkaline treatment, followed by bleaching. Cellulose was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). These analyses verified that the process was effective in isolating cellulose fibers. The biocomposites were then produced via casting and with cellulose of different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%). These biocomposites were less soluble in water than the pure starch film, and the film with 15% cellulose had lower water vapor permeability rate (WVPR) compared to pure starch film. In terms of the thermal characterization, there were no significant variations in the melting and gelatinization temperatures of the films. When analyzing the mechanical properties, it was seen that the Young’s modulus of the biocomposites increased in relation to the starch film, in which the composite with a 15% increase of 377.76%. Regarding the tensile strength, there were no differences between preferences, probably due to the dispersion of the fibers.

摘要

这项工作旨在开发由玉米淀粉基薄膜和从菠萝冠残渣中提取的纤维素形成的可生物降解复合材料。从牙冠获得的纤维经过碱处理，然后进行漂白。通过热重分析 (TGA)、X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 对纤维素进行表征。这些分析证实该过程在分离纤维素纤维方面是有效的。然后通过浇注和不同浓度（5%、10%、15%）的纤维素生产生物复合材料。这些生物复合材料比纯淀粉薄膜更难溶于水，与纯淀粉薄膜相比，含有 15% 纤维素的薄膜具有较低的水蒸气渗透率 (WVPR)。在热特性方面，薄膜的熔化和糊化温度没有显着变化。在分析力学性能时，发现生物复合材料的杨氏模量相对于淀粉膜增加，其中复合材料增加了 15%，增加了 377.76%。关于拉伸强度，偏好之间没有差异，可能是由于纤维的分散。