In 1926, New York passed a habitual offender law that mandated life sentences for a fourth felony conviction, regardless of severity. Called the Baumes Law, after its principal author and advocate New York Senator Caleb Baumes, the law remains one of the harshest habitual offender laws ever passed in the United States. Until its amendment in 1936, the law launched an intense policy debate that in many ways reflects the contemporary debate over Three Strikes legislation and high U.S. incarceration rates.

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Nomos 和无效化：1926 年至 1936 年纽约惯犯法的 Coverian 观点

1926 年，纽约通过了一项惯犯法，规定对第四次重罪定罪的人处以无期徒刑，无论严重程度如何。以主要作者和倡导者纽约参议员 Caleb Baumes 的名字命名的 Baumes 法仍然是美国有史以来通过的最严厉的惯犯法之一。在 1936 年修订之前，该法律发起了激烈的政策辩论，在许多方面反映了当代关于三击立法和美国高监禁率的辩论。