A set of two- and three-phase experiments were conducted in a 50 meter long 4“ vertical pipe using nitrogen, Exxsol D60 and water at 45 bara pressure. The results show that the liquid content and pressure drop are highly sensitive to the injected water cut. The proposed explanation for this surprising result is that the presence of liquid droplets constrains the gas bubble capacity of the liquid so that the concentration of small bubbles inside the liquid becomes smaller in three-phase flows than in two-phase flows.

To test this hypothesis, a simple flow model was implemented using closure laws from the public literature, combined with the assumption that the concentration of gas bubbles is reduced by the presence of liquid droplets. The model shows that the observed three-phase effects can be reproduced very accurately using this assumption.

在 50 米长的 4 英寸垂直管道中使用氮气、Exxsol D60 和 45 bara 压力的水进行了一组两相和三相实验。结果表明，液体含量和压降对注入的含水量高度敏感。对这一令人惊讶的结果提出的解释是，液滴的存在限制了液体的气泡容量，因此在三相流中，液体内部小气泡的浓度比两相流中的小。

为了验证这一假设，我们使用公共文献中的闭合定律实现了一个简单的流动模型，并假设气泡的浓度因液滴的存在而降低。该模型表明，使用该假设可以非常准确地再现观察到的三相效应。