Background

Mg is a macronutrient for plant growth. Mg deficiency has become an important limiting factor in intensive agricultural production, resulting in reduced crop yield and quality. Given that Mg is also essential for human and animals’ diets, Mg nutrition in plants has become an important issue not only for food security but also for human health.

Scope

We review recent progress in physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying Mg biological functionality, as well as Mg transport and Mg deficiency symptoms in plants.

Conclusions

As both a structural component and a regulatory factor, Mg helps plants achieve higher photosynthetic efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency and stress resistance. Plants need a certain range of Mg concentration for their growth, and a number of key genes responsible for Mg uptake, translocation and detoxification have been identified. Despite its functional importance, basic researches on Mg nutrition are still scarce. A deeper investigation of the genetic and molecular mechanisms employed in Mg nutrition will help to improve crop yield and intensify Mg application in the field. Developing more approaches to enhance Mg concentration in crop edible parts is urgently required for human diet and health.

中文翻译：

---

植物镁营养的生理和分子进展

背景

镁是植物生长的常量营养素。缺镁已成为集约化农业生产的重要限制因素，导致作物产量和品质下降。鉴于镁对人类和动物的饮食也是必不可少的，植物中的镁营养已成为不仅对粮食安全而且对人类健康的重要问题。

范围

我们回顾了镁生物功能背后的生理和分子机制的最新进展，以及植物中镁的转运和镁缺乏症状。

结论

作为结构成分和调节因子，镁帮助植物实现更高的光合效率、氮利用效率和抗逆性。植物的生长需要一定范围的镁浓度，并且已经确定了许多负责镁吸收、易位和解毒的关键基因。尽管具有重要的功能，但对镁营养的基础研究仍然很少。对镁营养中采用的遗传和分子机制进行更深入的研究将有助于提高作物产量并加强镁在田间的应用。人类饮食和健康迫切需要开发更多方法来提高作物可食用部分的镁浓度。