The transient characteristic of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is an imperative factor in performance evaluation. A deep understanding of its dynamic response is a prerequisite for improving output performance and delaying life degradation. In this paper, a two-dimensional multi-phase transient model coupled with time term, electrochemical reactions, mass transport, membrane water transfer, and water phase transition is established. Except for using a single polarization curve to verify the steady-state characteristics of the model, the dynamic voltage response under different step-currents is also practiced to validate the model emotional output. The results indicate that this model can reproduce both static and dynamic experimental data with satisfactory accuracy. Based on such a fully validated model, the coupling correlation between internal state distribution and the output voltage is studied by combining ohmic loss and activation loss. Furthermore, the effects of load set and inlet parameters on the transient characteristics of the PEM fuel cell are studied in detail from the perspective of internal state changes. These works provide a deep insight into the dynamic behaviors of the PEM fuel cell.

中文翻译：

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基于充分验证的动态多相模型的质子交换膜燃料电池瞬态响应研究

质子交换膜 (PEM) 燃料电池的瞬态特性是性能评估中必不可少的因素。深入了解其动态响应是提高输出性能和延缓寿命退化的先决条件。本文建立了结合时间项、电化学反应、质量传递、膜水传递和水相变的二维多相瞬态模型。除了使用单一极化曲线来验证模型的稳态特性外，还实践了不同阶跃电流下的动态电压响应来验证模型的情绪输出。结果表明，该模型可以准确地再现静态和动态实验数据。基于这样一个经过充分验证的模型，结合欧姆损耗和激活损耗研究了内部状态分布与输出电压的耦合关系。此外，从内部状态变化的角度详细研究了负载集和入口参数对PEM燃料电池瞬态特性的影响。这些工作提供了对 PEM 燃料电池动态行为的深入了解。