In this study, spinel CuCo₂O₄ (CCO) with a hierarchical hollow sphere morphology was encapsulated in V₂O₅-decorated ultra-wrinkled graphitic carbon-nitride (VO-UCN) for the first time via a facile glycerol-assisted solvothermal method in the interest of developing a novel high-efficiency double Z-type nano-photocatalyst (denoted as VO-UCN@CCO). The remarkable physicochemical features of the as-prepared nano-photocatalysts were verified using diverse characterization techniques including TGA, XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, TEM, BET, UV–vis DRS, PL, EIS, and transient photocurrent techniques. Herein, VO-UCN@CCO nanocomposite was employed for the photodisintegration of levofloxacin (LVOF) antibiotic under visible-light irradiation and the impact of certain operative reaction system variables was explored in an effort to optimize the photocatalytic capability. The 40% loading of CCO in VO-UCN@CCO nanocomposite was found to display maximum photocatalytic performance (about 95%) for LVOF photodecomposition, which was 9.3, 6.6, and 13.8 times greater when compared with pristine VO, UCN, and CCO, respectively. A high capability was observed for as-prepared photocatalyst during reusability tests and near 90% degradation efficiency was obtained in the sixth run. The complete mineralization of LVOF was achieved by the VO-UCN@CCO photocatalyst process after 300 min of reaction. An excellent synergy factor towards the degradation of LVOF was obtained for VO-UCN@CCO compared to each of its components alone. This peculiar design is envisaged to provide new inspirations for ameliorating the photocatalytic decontamination of tenacious and non-biodegradable species present in real wastewater.

在这项研究中，具有分级空心球形态的尖晶石 CuCo ₂ O _{4 (CCO) 被封装在 V 2} O _5中-首次通过简便的甘油辅助溶剂热法装饰超皱纹石墨碳氮化物（VO-UCN），以开发新型高效双Z型纳米光催化剂（表示为VO-UCN@ CCO)。使用多种表征技术验证了所制备的纳米光催化剂的显着物理化学特征，包括 TGA、XRD、FT-IR、FE-SEM、TEM、BET、UV-vis DRS、PL、EIS 和瞬态光电流技术。在此，VO-UCN@CCO纳米复合材料被用于在可见光照射下光解左氧氟沙星（LVOF）抗生素，并探索了某些操作反应系统变量的影响，以优化光催化能力。发现 VO-UCN@CCO 纳米复合材料中 40% 的 CCO 负载量显示出 LVOF 光分解的最大光催化性能（约 95%），与原始 VO、UCN 和 CCO 相比，分别高出 9.3、6.6 和 13.8 倍，分别。在可重复使用性测试期间，观察到所制备的光催化剂具有很高的性能，并且在第六次运行中获得了接近 90% 的降解效率。反应 300 分钟后，VO-UCN@CCO 光催化剂工艺实现了 LVOF 的完全矿化。与单独的每个组件相比，VO-UCN@CCO 获得了对 LVOF 降解的优异协同因子。这种独特的设计旨在为改善实际废水中存在的顽固和不可生物降解的物种的光催化净化提供新的灵感。