Erlotinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is a targeted drug used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Erlotinib is considered relatively safe and generally well-tolerated, with rarely reported cardiac side effects. Herein, we report a case of cardiomyopathy that developed during erlotinib treatment for NSCLC. Two months after erlotinib initiation, our 70 year-old female patient complained of progressive dyspnea, and a diagnostic endomyocardial biopsy confirmed non-specific cardiomyopathy, indicating erlotinib-induced cardiomyopathy. We believed that continued administration of erlotinib would exacerbate her heart failure, while treatment of the heart failure with intensive monitoring would allow the administration of erlotinib to be continued. This case report highlights the potential cardiotoxic effects of erlotinib and suggests the need for close clinical and echocardiographic follow-up of patients receiving erlotinib.

厄洛替尼是一种表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂，是一种用于治疗非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的靶向药物。厄洛替尼被认为相对安全且通常耐受性良好，很少报告心脏副作用。在此，我们报告了一例在厄洛替尼治疗非小细胞肺癌期间发生的心肌病。开始使用厄洛替尼两个月后，我们的 70 岁女性患者主诉进行性呼吸困难，诊断性心内膜心肌活检证实为非特异性心肌病，表明厄洛替尼诱发的心肌病。我们认为，继续使用厄洛替尼会加剧她的心力衰竭，而通过强化监测治疗心力衰竭将允许继续使用厄洛替尼。