Fungal biofactories are well established in bioprocess industries. They have been used for the production of essential biomolecules in chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. The high growth rate and the ability of fungal cells to hydrolyze wide range of complex and economic substrates make them among the superior microorganism for large scale production. In addition, they have high capacity for product excretion in high concentration which reduces the overall throughput of the production process and reduces the downstream cost as well. However, growth morphology in submerged culture is one of the greatest challenges in bioprocess industries. The same strain can exhibit extremely different morphologies with any minor alteration in cultivation conditions or medium composition, and thus affect the product yield. In this review, we present the fungal morphology in a complete and full-scale approach from spore induction in hyphal cells up to complete biopellet formation.

真菌生物工厂在生物过程工业中已经很成熟。它们已被用于生产化学、食品和制药行业的基本生物分子。真菌细胞的高生长速度和水解范围广泛的复杂和经济底物的能力使它们成为大规模生产的优良微生物之一。此外，它们具有高浓度的产品排泄能力，这降低了生产过程的整体吞吐量并降低了下游成本。然而，沉水培养中的生长形态是生物加工行业面临的最大挑战之一。同一菌株可以表现出极其不同的形态，只要培养条件或培养基成分稍有改变，就会影响产品产量。在这次审查中，