Supervariate Ceramics: Gelatinous and Monolithic Ceramics Fabricated under Ambient Conditions,Advanced Engineering Materials

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Supervariate Ceramics: Gelatinous and Monolithic Ceramics Fabricated under Ambient Conditions
Advanced Engineering Materials ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-06 , DOI: 10.1002/adem.202100866
Hao Wang _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Yan Bao _{1,

4} , Zhengyi Mao _{1,

4} , Jie Pan _{1,

2,

3} , Haidong Bian _{1,

3} , Zhengtao Xu ₅ , Jian Lu _{1,

3,

4,

6,

7} , Yang Yang Li _{1,

2,

3,

4,

6}

Affiliation

Ceramics are normally fabricated by firing compacted raw powders at high temperatures. Herein, a general mechanism for directly fabricating ceramic objects at the centimeter scale from ceramic gels at room temperature and ambient pressure is disclosed—all by simply mixing precursor solutions of multiple metal salts/ionic compounds to afford a supervariate system. Upon drying, the supervariate ceramic gels convert into monolithic ceramic materials to deliver excellent mechanical properties, e.g., a hardness/reduced elastic modulus (H/E _r) of 1.2/26 GPa. Furthermore, the room temperature-dried ceramics are tolerant to high-temperature annealing at 1500 ^oC, staying intact and achieving further enhanced H/E _r (e.g., 11.7/132 GPa). By utilizing the supervariate strategy, ceramics can be casted or molded like metals or polymers under mild conditions, offering great convenience to achieve desirable mechanical performances and functionalities.

中文翻译：

超变量陶瓷：在环境条件下制造的凝胶状和整体陶瓷

陶瓷通常是通过在高温下烧制压实的原料粉末来制造的。在此，公开了在室温和环境压力下从陶瓷凝胶直接制造厘米级陶瓷物体的一般机制——所有这些都是通过简单地混合多种金属盐/离子化合物的前体溶液来提供超变量系统。干燥后，超变陶瓷凝胶转化为整体陶瓷材料，以提供出色的机械性能，例如1.2/26 GPa的硬度/折减弹性模量 ( H / E _r )。此外，室温干燥的陶瓷可耐受 1500 ^o C的高温退火，保持完整并进一步提高H / E _r（例如，11.7/132 GPa）。通过利用超变量策略，陶瓷可以在温和的条件下像金属或聚合物一样铸造或模塑，为实现理想的机械性能和功能提供了极大的便利。

更新日期：2021-09-06

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