Abstract: Tumor classifications based on alterations in the genome, epigenome, or proteome have revealed distinct tumor subgroups that are associated with clinical outcomes. Several landmark studies have demonstrated that such classifications can significantly improve patient outcomes by enabling tailoring of therapy to specific alterations in cancer cells. Since cancer cells accumulate numerous alterations in many cancer-related genes, it is a daunting task to find and confirm important cancer-promoting alterations as therapeutic targets or biomarkers that can predict clinical outcomes such as survival and response to treatments. To aid further advances, we provide here an overview of the current understanding of molecular and genomic subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). System-level integration of data from multiple studies and development of new technical platforms for analyzing patient samples hold great promise for the discovery of new targets for treatment and correlated biomarkers, leading to personalized medicine for treatment of HCC patients.

Keywords: gene expression profile, RNA-seq, proteomics, mutations, genomic subtypes


中文翻译：

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肝细胞癌的基因组特征概述


摘要：基于基因组、表观基因组或蛋白质组变化的肿瘤分类揭示了与临床结果相关的不同肿瘤亚组。几项具有里程碑意义的研究表明，这种分类可以根据癌细胞的特定变化调整治疗方案，从而显着改善患者的治疗结果。由于癌细胞在许多癌症相关基因中积累了大量的改变，因此寻找并确认重要的促癌改变作为治疗靶点或生物标志物来预测临床结果（例如生存和对治疗的反应）是一项艰巨的任务。为了帮助进一步取得进展，我们在此概述了目前对肝细胞癌 (HCC) 分子和基因组亚型的理解。来自多项研究的数据的系统级整合以及用于分析患者样本的新技术平台的开发为发现新的治疗靶点和相关生物标志物带来了巨大的希望，从而为 HCC 患者的治疗带来个性化医疗。


关键词：基因表达谱、RNA-seq、蛋白质组学、突变、基因组亚型