Large-sized multiferroics Pb(Fe_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃ (PFN) single crystal was grown by Bridgeman method in order to understand the giant dielectric response by investigating the electrical conductivity and dielectric properties. The synchrotron radiation soft x-ray absorption spectrum revealed the valence states of Fe in PFN crystal. PFN exhibits semiconductor behaviors in the thermal active electrical conductivity investigation. Besides, the frequency-dependent dielectric constants were measured in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 1 MHz to study the dielectric relaxation behaviors. Two relaxation processes were found and described by Havriliak-Negami equation. The origin of dielectric relaxation in PFN with semiconductor characters was discussed based on the universal relaxation law for a dipolar system.

大型多铁性 Pb(Fe _1/2 Nb _1/2 )O ₃(PFN) 单晶通过布里奇曼方法生长，以通过研究电导率和介电特性来了解巨介电响应。同步辐射软 X 射线吸收光谱揭示了 PFN 晶体中 Fe 的价态。PFN 在热活性电导率研究中表现出半导体行为。此外，在 100 Hz 至 1 MHz 的频率范围内测量频率相关的介电常数以研究介电弛豫行为。Havriliak-Negami 方程发现并描述了两个弛豫过程。基于偶极系统的普遍弛豫定律讨论了具有半导体特性的PFN中介电弛豫的起源。