This study was to evaluate the effects of glucose tolerance status, maternal starch supplementation and soybean substitution in diets on the performance of dams and their offspring. Eighty-eight pregnant sows (Landrace × Large White) were selected from an initial total of 120 sows, based on blood glucose test values, and assigned to 4 experimental treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The factors were glucose tolerance status (glucose intolerant [GIT] vs. normal glucose tolerant [NGT]) or dietary treatments (corn starch diet [CS] vs. soybean substitution diet [SS]). A higher area under the curve (AUC) for post-meal glucose was observed (P < 0.05) in the GIT group than in the NGT group on d 109 of gestation. The CS group had a lower value of homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance than the SS group (P < 0.05) on d 109 of gestation. Corn starch supplementation for sows decreased the stillbirth rate (P < 0.05), regardless of the sows' glucose tolerance status. The villus height of the jejunum and the villus height to crypt depth ratio of the ileum were greater in normal birth weight piglets from the CS group than from the SS group (P < 0.01), and so was the activity of sucrase in the jejunum and ileum (P < 0.01). Compared with the SS group, the CS group showed a reduction in pre-weaning mortality rate, an increase in the number of high-birth-weight piglets, and a decrease in the number of low-birth-weight piglets (P < 0.05) under GIT status. In conclusion, sows fed CS decreased stillbirth rate and improved insulin resistance, as well as improving the intestinal morphology and digestive enzyme activities of their progeny, regardless of glucose tolerance status. Additionally, the CS group improved birth weight distribution and decreased pre-weaning mortality rate of piglets under GIT status.

本研究旨在评估日粮中葡萄糖耐量状态、母体淀粉补充剂和大豆替代品对母畜及其后代性能的影响。根据血糖测试值，从最初总共 120 头母猪中选择了 88 头怀孕母猪（长白猪 × 大白猪），并以 2 × 2 因子设计分配到 4 个实验处理。这些因素是葡萄糖耐受状态（葡萄糖不耐受 [GIT] 与正常葡萄糖耐受 [NGT]）或饮食治疗（玉米淀粉饮食 [CS] 与大豆替代饮食 [SS]）。 在妊娠第 109 天观察到GIT 组的餐后血糖曲线下面积 (AUC)高于 NGT 组( P < 0.05)。CS组的稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗值低于SS组（P  < 0.05) 在妊娠第 109 天。 无论母猪的葡萄糖耐量状态如何，给母猪补充玉米淀粉都降低了死胎率（P < 0.05）。CS组正常出生体重仔猪的空肠绒毛高度和回肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比均高于SS组（P  < 0.01），空肠中蔗糖酶活性也高于SS组。回肠（P  < 0.01）。与SS组相比，CS组断奶前死亡率降低，高出生体重仔猪数量增加，低出生体重仔猪数量减少（P < 0.05) 在 GIT 状态下。总之，饲喂 CS 的母猪降低了死胎率并改善了胰岛素抵抗，并改善了其后代的肠道形态和消化酶活性，而与葡萄糖耐量状态无关。此外，CS 组改善了出生体重分布并降低了 GIT 状态下仔猪的断奶前死亡率。