During the Second World War, in 1941–1944, Nazi German troops held the frontal responsibility of the Arctic front in Finnish Lapland. In this paper, we present the first zooarchaeological study of the wartime faunal remains from German military camps in Lapland. This illustrates the supply situation of both the German soldiers and their multinational prisoners. The official military supply was substantially supplemented with local food sources, namely, with the local semi-domesticated reindeer that dominates the bone assemblage. Bones of cattle, ovicaprines, and pig occur in lower numbers and appear to represent the German long-distance supply chain stretching from the Mediterranean to the Arctic Ocean. The remains of reindeer and wild species remind of the close interactions with locals and of the prisoners' hunting activities to supplement their meager diet. Even if the reindeer bones dominate both the soldiers' and prisoners' faunal assemblages, there are notable differences in the body parts, with bones from meatier portions always found in the soldiers' food waste. Besides highlighting a tension between the military supply and everyday demands, the faunal remains can draw attention to wider anthropological questions that reach beyond the information available in historical documents, such as adaptations into an alien northern environment. This emphasizes the importance of zooarchaeological analyses of recent past faunal materials from superficially familiar contexts.

中文翻译：

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军事供应、日常需求和驯鹿：纳粹德国第二次世界大战在芬兰拉普兰、欧洲最北部的军事存在的动物考古学

在第二次世界大战期间，1941-1944 年，纳粹德国军队在芬兰拉普兰的北极前线承担了正面责任。在本文中，我们首次对拉普兰德国军营的战时动物遗骸进行了动物考古研究。这说明了德国士兵及其多国俘虏的供应情况。官方的军事供应大量补充了当地的食物来源，即在骨骼组合中占主导地位的当地半驯化驯鹿。牛骨、卵黄素和猪的骨头数量较少，似乎代表了从地中海延伸到北冰洋的德国长距离供应链。驯鹿和野生物种的遗骸让人想起与当地人和囚犯的密切互动 狩猎活动以补充他们微薄的饮食。即使驯鹿的骨头在士兵和囚犯的动物群中都占主导地位，但身体部位也存在显着差异，士兵的食物垃圾中总是能找到更多肉部分的骨头。除了突出军事供应和日常需求之间的紧张关系之外，动物遗骸还可以引起人们对超出历史文献中可用信息的更广泛的人类学问题的关注，例如适应陌生的北方环境。这强调了从表面熟悉的环境中对最近过去的动物材料进行动物考古学分析的重要性。在士兵的食物垃圾中总是可以找到来自多肉部分的骨头。除了突出军事供应和日常需求之间的紧张关系之外，动物遗骸还可以引起人们对超出历史文献中可用信息的更广泛的人类学问题的关注，例如适应陌生的北方环境。这强调了从表面熟悉的环境中对最近过去的动物材料进行动物考古学分析的重要性。在士兵的食物垃圾中总是可以找到来自多肉部分的骨头。除了突出军事供应和日常需求之间的紧张关系之外，动物遗骸还可以引起人们对超出历史文献中可用信息的更广泛的人类学问题的关注，例如适应陌生的北方环境。这强调了从表面熟悉的环境中对最近过去的动物材料进行动物考古学分析的重要性。