Purpose of the Review

Anemia has been called the fifth cardiovascular risk factor. It is one of the most prevalent pathologies worldwide. In this article, we aimed to perform a narrative review of the main cerebrovascular complications of anemia and its influence on stroke prognosis.

Recent Findings

Both hypoproliferative anemia (thalassemia, iron deficiency anemia, etc.) and hyperproliferative anemia (sickle cell disease, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, hereditary spherocytosis, etc.) are associated to cerebrovascular disease ranging from transient ischemic attack to ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke with both intraparenchymal hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage or cerebral venous thrombosis. Anemia is associated to a worse prognosis in patients with cerebrovascular disease

Summary

In some cases, like sickle cell disease, pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic guidelines are well established, while in others, due to their rarity, there are still lack of robust data. More studies are needed to clarify how the prognosis of stroke patients with anemia could be improved.

中文翻译：

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贫血的脑血管并发症

审查的目的

贫血被称为第五个心血管危险因素。它是世界上最普遍的病理之一。在本文中，我们旨在对贫血的主要脑血管并发症及其对卒中预后的影响进行叙述性回顾。

最近的发现

低增殖性贫血（地中海贫血、缺铁性贫血等）和过度增殖性贫血（镰状细胞病、阵发性夜间血红蛋白尿、遗传性球形红细胞增多症等）都与脑血管疾病有关，范围从短暂性脑缺血发作到缺血性中风和脑实质内出血性中风。出血和蛛网膜下腔出血或脑静脉血栓形成。贫血与脑血管疾病患者的预后较差有关

概括

在某些情况下，如镰状细胞病，病理生理机制和治疗指南已经确立，而在其他情况下，由于罕见，仍然缺乏可靠的数据。需要更多的研究来阐明如何改善贫血的卒中患者的预后。