This study investigates presence/absence of homogeneity in 32-yr (1981–2012) rainfall record of four individual monsoon months (June–September) and monsoon season (JJAS) for 16 stations in Saraswati River basin, Gujarat, India. Temporal homogeneity is examined by Hartley, Link-Wallace, Bartlett, and Tukey tests, and spatial homogeneity is tested by Levene’s and Tukey tests. Coefficient of variation for rainfall in June (72–163%), July (48–100%), August (78–114%) and September (93–127%) indicate a large variability in comparison to that in JJAS period (45–60%). Correlation coefficient (r) finds moderately significant (r ≥ 0.7) to highly significant (0.7 > r ≥ 0.3) relationships in rainfall for 68 (57%), 120 (100%), 120 (100%), 109 (91%), and 120 (100%) pairs of stations in June, July, August, September, and JJAS, respectively. Distribution of rainfall is uniform and stable in July, and hence, kharif crops may be sown in July to mitigate impact of uncertain rainfall on agriculture. Dissimilar results of four homogeneity tests justify approach of adopting multiple statistical tests. Considering the likely findings of Link–Wallace and Tukey tests, both are recommended for testing homogeneity. Non-homogeneity is found at Paswadal (June, September, and JJAS), Navawas (August and JJAS), Palanpur (JJAS), and Pilucha (September) stations. The Levene’s test reveals spatial homogeneity in July, August, September, and JJAS; and non-homogeneity in June. Hierarchical cluster analysis delineates four clusters of rainfall stations in four months and JJAS with their geographically distinct locations and a remarkable difference in inter-annual rainfall dynamics.

本研究调查了印度古吉拉特邦萨拉斯瓦蒂河流域 16 个站点的 4 个单独季风月（6 月至 9 月）和季风季节 (JJAS) 的 32 年（1981-2012 年）降雨记录中是否存在同质性。时间同质性由 Hartley、Link-Wallace、Bartlett 和 Tukey 检验检验，空间同质性由 Levene 和 Tukey 检验检验。6 月 (72–163%)、7 月 (48–100%)、8 月 (78–114%) 和 9 月 (93–127%) 的降雨变异系数表明与 JJAS 时期 (45 –60%）。相关系数 ( r ) 发现中度显着 ( r ≥ 0.7) 至高度显着 (0.7 > r≥ 0.3) 68 (57%)、120 (100%)、120 (100%)、109 (91%) 和 120 (100%) 对站点在 6 月、7 月、8 月、9 月和 9 月的降雨量关系JJAS，分别。7 月降雨分布均匀稳定，因此kharif作物可能会在 7 月播种，以减轻不确定降雨对农业的影响。四个同质性检验的不同结果证明采用多重统计检验的方法是合理的。考虑到 Link-Wallace 和 Tukey 检验的可能结果，建议使用两者来检验同质性。在 Paswadal（6 月、9 月和 JJAS）、Navawas（8 月和 JJAS）、Palanpur（JJAS）和 Pilucha（9 月）站发现了非均质性。Levene 检验揭示了 7 月、8 月、9 月和 JJAS 的空间同质性；和 6 月的非同质性。层次聚类分析描绘了四个月的四个降雨站群和 JJAS，它们具有地理上不同的位置和年际降雨动态的显着差异。