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Total Synthesis of Tetrahydrolipstatin, Its Derivatives, and Evaluation of Their Ability to Potentiate Multiple Antibiotic Classes against Mycobacterium Species
ACS Infectious Diseases ( IF 4.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-03 , DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00283
Saniya S Khan 1 , Thanuja D Sudasinghe 2 , Alexander D Landgraf 1 , Donald R Ronning 2 , Steven J Sucheck 1
Affiliation  

Tetrahydrolipstatin (THL, 1a) has been shown to inhibit both mammalian and bacterial α/β hydrolases. In the case of bacterial systems, THL is a known inhibitor of several Mycobacterium tuberculosis hydrolases involved in mycomembrane biosynthesis. Herein we report a highly efficient eight-step asymmetric synthesis of THL using a route that allows modification of the THL α-chain substituent to afford compounds 1a through 1e. The key transformation in the synthesis was use of a (TPP)CrCl/Co2(CO)8-catalyzed regioselective and stereospecific carbonylation on an advanced epoxide intermediate to yield a trans-β-lactone. These compounds are modest inhibitors of Ag85A and Ag85C, two α/β hydrolases of M. tuberculosis involved in the biosynthesis of the mycomembrane. Among these compounds, 10d showed the highest inhibitory effect on Ag85A (34 ± 22 μM) and Ag85C (66 ± 8 μM), and its X-ray structure was solved in complex with Ag85C to 2.5 Å resolution. In contrast, compound 1e exhibited the best-in-class MICs of 50 μM (25 μg/mL) and 16 μM (8.4 μg/mL) against M. smegmatis and M. tuberculosis H37Ra, respectively, using a microtiter assay plate. Combination of 1e with 13 well-established antibiotics synergistically enhanced the potency of few of these antibiotics in M. smegmatis and M. tuberculosis H37Ra. Compound 1e applied at concentrations 4-fold lower than its MIC enhanced the MIC of the synergistic antibiotic by 2–256-fold. In addition to observing synergy with first-line drugs, rifamycin and isoniazid, the MIC of vancomycin against M. tuberculosis H37Ra was 65 μg/mL; however, the MIC was lowered to 0.25 μg/mL in the presence of 2.1 μg/mL 1e demonstrating the potential of targeting mycobacterial hydrolases involved in mycomembrane and peptidoglycan biosynthesis.

中文翻译:

四氢利普他汀及其衍生物的全合成及其增强多种抗生素类抗分枝杆菌的能力的评估

四氢脂他汀 (THL, 1a ) 已被证明可以抑制哺乳动物和细菌的 α/β 水解酶。就细菌系统而言,THL 是几种参与菌膜生物合成的结核分枝杆菌水解酶的已知抑制剂。在此,我们报道了 THL 的高效八步不对称合成,使用的路线允许修饰 THL α 链取代基,得到化合物1a1e。合成中的关键转化是使用(TPP)CrCl/Co 2 (CO) 8催化的区域选择性和立体定向羰基化对高级环氧化物中间体产生反式-β-内酯。这些化合物是 Ag85A 和 Ag85C 的适度抑制剂,这两种结核分枝杆菌的 α/β 水解酶参与菌膜的生物合成在这些化合物中,10d对Ag85A (34 ± 22 μM)和Ag85C (66 ± 8 μM)表现出最高的抑制效果,其X射线结构与Ag85C复合物解析至2.5 Å分辨率。相比之下,化合物1e对M表现出同类最佳的 MIC,分别为 50 μM (25 μg/mL) 和 16 μM (8.4 μg/mL) 。分别使用微量滴定板检测耻垢分枝杆菌结核分枝杆菌H37Ra。1e与 13 种成熟抗生素的组合可协同增强其中少数抗生素对结核分枝杆菌的效力。耻垢分枝杆菌结核分枝杆菌H37Ra。以比其 MIC 低 4 倍的浓度施用化合物1e,可使协同抗生素的 MIC 提高 2-256 倍。除观察与一线药物利福霉素、异烟肼的协同作用外,万古霉素对结核分枝杆菌H37Ra的MIC为65μg/mL;然而,在 2.1 μg/mL 1e存在的情况下,MIC 降低至 0.25 μg/mL,这表明靶向参与菌膜和肽聚糖生物合成的分枝杆菌水解酶的潜力。
更新日期:2021-10-08
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