JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s00775-021-01898-0 Barbara Vuković 1, 2 , Željko Cvetić 3 , Krešo Bendelja 3 , Rinea Barbir 4 , Marija Milić 1, 2 , Blaženka Dobrošević 1 , Vatroslav Šerić 1, 2 , Ivana Vinković Vrček 4
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The interaction of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with the immune system has not yet been sufficiently elucidated even though they belong to the most investigated and exploited group of nanomaterials. This study aimed to evaluate immunomodulatory effect of four different AgNPs on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs). Fresh hPBMCs were exposed to the small sized (~ 10 nm) AgNPs immediately after isolation from the whole blood of healthy volunteers. The study considered coating-, time- and dose-dependent response of hPBMSc and stimulation of both early and intermediate activation of lymphocytes and monocytes using flow cytometry. The AgNPs differed in surface charge and were stabilised with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), poly-L-lysine (PLL), bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium (AOT) or blood serum albumin (BSA). Response of hPBMCs to coating agents and ionic Ag form was evaluated to distinguish their effect from the AgNPs action as they may be released from the nanosurface. There was no significant effect of any tested AgNPs on relative count of hPBMCs subpopulations. The T-cells and monocytes were not activated after treatment with AgNPs, but the highest concentration of PLL- and BSA-AgNPs decreased density of CD4 and CD8 markers on T-helper and T-cytotoxic cells, respectively. The same AgNPs activated B- and NK-cells. Ionic Ag activated T-, B- and NK-cells, but at very higher concentration, whereas only PLL exhibited immunomodulatory activity. This study evidenced immunomodulatory activity of AgNPs that may be fine-tuned by the design of their surface functionalization.
Graphic abstract
中文翻译：
不同功能化银纳米粒子对人外周血单个核细胞免疫调节作用的体外研究
银纳米粒子 (AgNPs) 与免疫系统的相互作用尚未得到充分阐明，尽管它们属于研究和开发最多的纳米材料组。本研究旨在评估四种不同 AgNPs 对人外周血单个核细胞 (hPBMCs) 的免疫调节作用。新鲜的 hPBMC 在从健康志愿者的全血中分离后立即暴露于小尺寸 (~ 10 nm) AgNPs。该研究考虑了 hPBMSc 的涂层、时间和剂量依赖性反应，以及使用流式细胞术刺激淋巴细胞和单核细胞的早期和中期活化。AgNPs 的表面电荷不同，并用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (PVP)、聚-L-赖氨酸 (PLL)、双 (2-乙基己基) 磺基琥珀酸钠 (AOT) 或血清白蛋白 (BSA) 稳定。评估了 hPBMCs 对涂层剂和离子 Ag 形式的响应，以区分它们与 AgNPs 作用的影响，因为它们可能从纳米表面释放。任何测试的 AgNPs 对 hPBMCs 亚群的相对计数没有显着影响。在用 AgNPs 处理后，T 细胞和单核细胞没有被激活，但最高浓度的 PLL-和 BSA-AgNPs 分别降低了 T 辅助细胞和 T 细胞毒性细胞上 CD4 和 CD8 标志物的密度。相同的 AgNPs 激活 B 细胞和 NK 细胞。离子 Ag 激活 T 细胞、B 细胞和 NK 细胞，但浓度非常高，而只有 PLL 表现出免疫调节活性。该研究证明了 AgNPs 的免疫调节活性，可以通过其表面功能化的设计进行微调。
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