Abstract Introduction The lack of an effective continuing professional development programme for qualified surgeons, specifically one that enhances non-technical skills (NTS), is an issue receiving increased attention. Peer-based coaching, used in multiple professions, is a proposed method to deliver this. The aim of this study was to undertake a systematic review of the literature to summarize the quantity and quality of studies involving surgical coaching of NTS in qualified surgeons. Methods A systematic search of the literature was performed through MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Collaboration and PsychINFO. Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data for the included studies was independently extracted by two reviewers and the quality of the studies evaluated using the Medical Education and Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI). Results Some 4319 articles were screened from which 19 met the inclusion criteria. Ten studies involved coaching of individual surgeons and nine looked at group coaching of surgeons as part of a team. Group coaching studies used non-surgeons as coaches, included objective assessment of NTS, and were of a higher quality (average MERSQI 13.58). Individual coaching studies focused on learner perception, used experienced surgeons as coaches and were of a lower quality (average MERSQI 11.58). Individual coaching did not show an objective improvement in NTS for qualified surgeons in any study. Conclusion Surgical coaching of qualified surgeons’ NTS in a group setting was found to be effective. Coaching of individual surgeons revealed an overall positive learner perception but did not show an objective improvement in NTS for qualified surgeons.

中文翻译：

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提高合格外科医生非技术技能的辅导：系统评价

摘要 介绍缺乏针对合格外科医生的有效的持续专业发展计划，特别是提高非技术技能（NTS）的计划，是一个受到越来越多关注的问题。为实现这一目标，提出的一种方法是在多个职业中使用基于同伴的辅导。本研究的目的是对文献进行系统回顾，总结涉及合格外科医生 NTS 手术指导的研究的数量和质量。 方法通过 MEDLINE、EMBASE、Cochrane Collaboration 和 PsychINFO 对文献进行了系统检索。研究是根据预先确定的纳入和排除标准进行选择的。纳入研究的数据由两名评审员独立提取，并使用医学教育和研究质量工具（MERSQI）评估研究质量。 结果筛选了 4319 篇文章，其中 19 篇符合纳入标准。十项研究涉及对个体外科医生的辅导，九项研究则着眼于对作为团队一部分的外科医生进行团体辅导。团体辅导研究使用非外科医生作为教练，包括 NTS 的客观评估，并且质量较高（平均 MERSQI 13.58）。个人辅导研究侧重于学习者的感知，使用经验丰富的外科医生作为教练，但质量较低（平均 MERSQI 11.58）。在任何研究中，个人辅导都没有显示出合格外科医生 NTS 的客观改善。 结论研究发现，在团体环境中对合格外科医生的 NTS 进行手术指导是有效的。对个别外科医生的辅导显示出整体积极的学习者认知，但并未显示出合格外科医生的 NTS 客观改善。