Patients with connective tissues disease (CTD) are often on immunomodulatory agents before lung transplantation (LTx). Till now, there's no consensus on the safety of using these agents perioperative and post-transplant. The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation-supported consensus document on LTx in patients with CTD addresses the risk and contraindications of perioperative and post-transplant management of the biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD), kinase inhibitor DMARD, and biologic agents used for LTx candidates with underlying CTD, and the recommendations and management of non-gastrointestinal extrapulmonary manifestations, and esophageal disorders by medical and surgical approaches for CTD transplant recipients.

结缔组织病 (CTD) 患者通常在肺移植 (LTx) 前使用免疫调节剂。到目前为止，对于围手术期和移植后使用这些药物的安全性尚未达成共识。国际心肺移植学会支持的关于 CTD 患者 LTx 的共识文件解决了围手术期和移植后管理生物疾病改善抗风湿药 (bDMARD)、激酶抑制剂 DMARD 和所用生物制剂的风险和禁忌症对于患有潜在 CTD 的 LTx 候选者，以及对 CTD 移植受者的非胃肠道肺外表现和食管疾病的建议和管理。