Microbial communities that inhabit the host's intestine influence many aspects of the host's health and bear the adaptive potential to alterations in harsh environments and diets. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau represents one of the harshest environments in the world. Preliminary progress has been made in identifying the communities of gut microbes in Indigenous Tibetans and non-human animals. However, due to the complexity of microbial communities, the effects of gut microbes on the host's health and high-plateau adaptation remain unexplained. Herein, we review the latest progress in identifying factors affecting the gut microbiota of native Tibetans and non-human animals and highlight the complex interactions between the gut microbiota, health and highland adaptation, which provides a basis for exploring the correlations between the gut microbiota and clinical indexes in native highland residents and travellers, as well as developing microbiota-based strategies to mitigate health risks for tourists and treatments for mountain sickness during high-altitude travel in the future.

中文翻译：

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青藏高原肠道菌群与高原适应研究新进展.

栖息在宿主肠道中的微生物群落影响宿主健康的许多方面，并具有适应恶劣环境和饮食变化的潜力。青藏高原是世界上环境最恶劣的地区之一。在确定土着藏人和非人类动物肠道微生物群落方面取得了初步进展。然而，由于微生物群落的复杂性，肠道微生物对宿主健康和高原适应的影响仍然无法解释。在此，我们回顾了在确定影响藏族人和非人类动物肠道微生物群的因素方面的最新进展，并强调了肠道微生物群、健康和高原适应之间的复杂相互作用，