BACKGROUND After a multi-country Asian outbreak of cholera due to Vibrio cholerae serogroup O139 which started in 1992, it is rarely detected from any country in Asia and has not been detected from patients in Africa. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We extracted surveillance data from the Dhaka and Matlab Hospitals of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) to review trends in isolation of Vibrio cholerae O139 in Bangladesh. Data from the Dhaka Hospital is a 2% sample of > 100,000 diarrhoeal patients treated annually. Data from the Matlab Hospital includes all diarrhoeal patients who hail from the villages included in the Matlab Health and Demographic Surveillance System. Vibrio cholerae O139 was first isolated in Dhaka in 1993 and had been isolated every year since then except for a gap between 2005 and 2008. An average of thirteen isolates was detected annually from the Dhaka Hospital during the last ten years, yielding an estimated 650 cases annually at this hospital. During the last ten years, cases due to serogroup O139 represented 0.47% of all cholera cases; the others being due to serogroup O1. No cases with serogroup O139 were identified at Matlab since 2006. Clinical signs and symptoms of cholera due to serogroup O139 were similar to cases due to serogroup O1 though more of the O139 cases were not dehydrated. Most isolates of O139 remained sensitive to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin, but they became resistant to erythromycin starting in 2009. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Cholera due to Vibrio cholerae serogroup O139 continues to cause typical cholera in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

中文翻译：

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自 1993 年以来，霍乱弧菌 O139 在孟加拉国达卡持续存在。

背景技术1992年开始在亚洲多国暴发霍乱弧菌O139血清群霍乱后，亚洲任何国家都很少发现，非洲患者也未发现。方法学/主要发现 我们从孟加拉国国际腹泻病研究中心 (icddr,b) 的达卡医院和 Matlab 医院提取了监测数据，以审查孟加拉国霍乱弧菌 O139 的分离趋势。来自达卡医院的数据是每年接受治疗的 > 100,000 名腹泻患者的 2% 样本。来自 Matlab 医院的数据包括所有来自 Matlab 健康和人口监测系统中村庄的腹泻患者。霍乱弧菌 O139 于 1993 年首次在达卡分离，此后除 2005 年至 2008 年间有一次间隔外，每年都被分离出来。在过去十年中，达卡医院每年平均检测到 13 株分离株，估计该医院每年产生 650 例病例。在过去十年中，O139 血清群引起的病例占所有霍乱病例的 0.47%；其他是由于血清群 O1。自 2006 年以来，Matlab 没有发现 O139 血清群病例。O139 血清群霍乱的临床体征和症状与 O1 血清群病例相似，但更多的 O139 病例没有脱水。大多数 O139 分离株仍然对四环素、环丙沙星和阿奇霉素敏感，但它们从 2009 年开始对红霉素产生抗药性。结论/意义 由于霍乱弧菌血清群 O139 引起的霍乱继续在孟加拉国达卡引起典型的霍乱。