Children with CHD are at risk for obesity and low levels of activity. These factors are associated with an increased risk of poor outcome. Participation in organised sports is an important avenue for children to maintain physical activity, though the relationship between sports participation and obesity has not been examined in the Fontan population.

We performed a cross-sectional study of children aged 8–18 who had been evaluated between January 1, 2015 and October 1, 2019 at the Doernbecher Children’s Hospital outpatient paediatric cardiology clinic and had previously undergone a Fontan. Patients were excluded if they were unable to ambulate independently or if they had undergone a heart transplant. Patient characteristics were recorded from the electronic medical record. Parents were interviewed via a telephone survey and asked to describe their child’s activity levels and sports participation.

Our final cohort included 40 individuals, 74% were male. The overall prevalence of obesity (CDC BMI >95% for sex/age) in the cohort (23%) was significantly higher in non-athletes (33%) than athletes (0) (p = 0.02). There was no difference in cardiac complications or comorbidities between athletes and non-athletes. Athletes were more likely to meet daily activity recommendations (p = 0.05).

Fontan patients who do not participate in sports are significantly more likely to be obese and less likely to be active than those who do. This is the first study to demonstrate the association between competitive sports participation and decreased likelihood of obesity in the Fontan population.

患有冠心病的儿童有肥胖和活动量低的风险。这些因素与不良结果的风险增加有关。参加有组织的运动是儿童保持身体活动的重要途径，尽管尚未在 Fontan 人群中研究运动参与与肥胖之间的关系。

我们对 2015 年 1 月 1 日至 2019 年 10 月 1 日期间在 Doernbecher 儿童医院儿科心脏病门诊接受评估且之前接受过 Fontan 的 8-18 岁儿童进行了横断面研究。如果患者无法独立行走或接受过心脏移植，则被排除在外。从电子病历中记录患者特征。通过电话调查对家长进行了采访，并要求他们描述孩子的活动水平和体育参与情况。

我们的最终队列包括 40 个人，74% 是男性。队列中肥胖的总体患病率（性别/年龄的 CDC BMI > 95%）（23%）在非运动员（33%）中显着高于运动员（0）（p = 0.02）。运动员和非运动员之间的心脏并发症或合并症没有差异。运动员更有可能满足日常活动建议（p = 0.05）。

不参加运动的 Fontan 患者比参加运动的患者更容易肥胖并且不太可能活动。这是第一项证明参加竞技体育运动与 Fontan 人群肥胖可能性降低之间关联的研究。