Abstract

High ambient temperature has emerged as a major constraint for the future development of the poultry industry, especially in the tropics and subtropics. The scarcity of resources coupled with harsh environmental conditions is the most crucial predicaments in the way to rationalize optimum production of broiler. Heat stress disturbs the physiological biochemistry of the broiler which ultimately reduces feed intake and feed efficiency which ultimately results in reduced performance and productivity. Under hot environmental conditions, feed utilization is disturbed by the deposition of fat and oxidative stress. In addition, changes in blood cells, acid-base balance, immune response, liver health, and antioxidant status are some of the major dynamics altered by heat stress. The broilers have a narrow range of temperatures to withstand heat stress. In this review, we have discussed the various physicochemical changes during heat stress, their possible mechanisms, and mitigation strategies to reduce heat stress.

摘要

高环境温度已成为未来家禽业发展的主要制约因素，尤其是在热带和亚热带地区。资源稀缺加上恶劣的环境条件是实现肉鸡最佳生产的最关键困境。热应激会扰乱肉鸡的生理生化，最终降低采食量和饲料效率，最终导致生产性能和生产力下降。在炎热的环境条件下，饲料利用率会受到脂肪沉积和氧化应激的干扰。此外，血细胞、酸碱平衡、免疫反应、肝脏健康和抗氧化状态的变化是热应激改变的一些主要动态。肉鸡承受热应激的温度范围很窄。