Inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Replication by Hypertonic Saline Solution in Lung and Kidney Epithelial Cells,ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science

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Inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Replication by Hypertonic Saline Solution in Lung and Kidney Epithelial Cells
ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-03 , DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00080
Rafael R G Machado ₁ , Talita Glaser ₂ , Danielle B Araujo _{1,

3} , Lyvia Lintzmaier Petiz ₂ , Danielle B L Oliveira _{1,

3,

4} , Giuliana S Durigon ₅ , Alessandra L Leal ₆ , João Renato R Pinho _{3,

7,

8} , Luis C S Ferreira _{1,

9} , Henning Ulrich ₂ , Edison L Durigon _{1,

9} , Cristiane Rodrigues Guzzo ₁

Affiliation

An unprecedented global health crisis has been caused by a new virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We performed experiments to test if a hypertonic saline solution was capable of inhibiting virus replication. Our data show that 1.2% NaCl inhibited virus replication by 90%, achieving 100% of inhibition at 1.5% in the nonhuman primate kidney cell line Vero, and 1.1% of NaCl was sufficient to inhibit the virus replication by 88% in human epithelial lung cell line Calu-3. Furthermore, our results indicate that the inhibition is due to an intracellular mechanism and not to the dissociation of the spike SARS-CoV-2 protein and its human receptor. NaCl depolarizes the plasma membrane causing a low energy state (high ADP/ATP concentration ratio) without impairing mitochondrial function, supposedly associated with the inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle. Membrane depolarization and intracellular energy deprivation are possible mechanisms by which the hypertonic saline solution efficiently prevents virus replication in vitro assays.

中文翻译：

高渗盐水溶液抑制肺和肾上皮细胞中严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2的复制

一种名为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的新病毒引起了前所未有的全球健康危机。我们进行了实验来测试高渗盐水溶液是否能够抑制病毒复制。我们的数据显示，1.2% 的 NaCl 可抑制病毒复制 90%，在非人灵长类肾细胞系 Vero 中，1.5% 的抑制率达到 100%，而 1.1% 的 NaCl 足以抑制人上皮肺细胞中的病毒复制 88%细胞系Calu-3。此外，我们的结果表明，这种抑制是由于细胞内机制，而不是刺突 SARS-CoV-2 蛋白与其人类受体的解离。NaCl 使质膜去极化，导致低能量状态（高 ADP/ATP 浓度比），但不会损害线粒体功能，这可能与抑制 SARS-CoV-2 生命周期有关。膜去极化和细胞内能量剥夺是高渗盐水溶液在体外试验中有效阻止病毒复制的可能机制。

更新日期：2021-10-08

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