Currently, the main tools for assessing and managing ecosystem services at large scales are maps providing snapshots of their potential supply. However, many ecosystems change over short timescales; thus, such maps soon become inaccurate. Here we show high rates of short-term dynamics of three key forest ecosystem services: wood production, bilberry production and topsoil carbon storage. Almost 85% of the coldspots and 65% of the hotspots for these services had changed into a different state over a ten-year period. Wood production showed higher rates of short-term dynamics than bilberry production and carbon storage. The high rates of dynamics mean that static snapshot ecosystem service maps provide limited information for assessing and managing multifunctional, dynamic landscapes, such as forests. We advocate that dynamic, spatially explicit tools to assess and manage ecosystem service dynamics be further developed and applied in post-2020 biodiversity and ecosystem service policy supporting frameworks.

目前，大规模评估和管理生态系统服务的主要工具是提供其潜在供应快照的地图。然而，许多生态系统会在很短的时间内发生变化。因此，这种地图很快就会变得不准确。在这里，我们展示了三种主要森林生态系统服务的高短期动态：木材生产、越桔生产和表土碳储存。这些服务的近 85% 的冷点和 65% 的热点在十年期间变成了不同的状态。木材生产显示出比越橘生产和碳储存更高的短期动态变化率。高动态率意味着静态快照生态系统服务地图为评估和管理多功能、动态景观（例如森林）提供的信息有限。我们提倡动态，