Comparison of three different bulk-filling techniques for restoring class II cavities: μCT, SEM-EDS combined analyses for margins and internal fit assessments,Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Comparison of three different bulk-filling techniques for restoring class II cavities: μCT, SEM-EDS combined analyses for margins and internal fit assessments
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104812
Angelo Putignano ₁ , Vincenzo Tosco ₁ , Riccardo Monterubbianesi ₁ , Flavia Vitiello ₁ , Maria Laura Gatto ₂ , Michele Furlani ₁ , Alessandra Giuliani ₁ , Giovanna Orsini ₁

Affiliation

Objective

Evaluation of the behavior of three different bulk-filling techniques in terms of internal adaptation and external marginal sealing for restoring class II cavities.

Methods

Fifteen extracted sound molar teeth were used. Two standardized class II mesio/disto-occlusal (MO/DO) slot cavities, 4 mm long, 4 mm wide and 3 mm deep were prepared in each tooth, obtaining n=30 cavity preparations. The cavities were randomly assigned into three groups (n=10 per group) according to three bulk filling techniques: Bulk Traditional (BT), Bulk&Go (BG) and Bulk&Flow (BF). The teeth were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the external marginal seal. Thereafter, the chemical composition of tooth-restoration interface was analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Complementary information to the SEM and EDS were obtained by micro-computed tomography (μCT) to assess the internal fit.

Results

SEM analysis showed a proper external marginal seal for all groups tested as confirmed by the EDS investigation, highlighting the presence of adhesive layer at the tooth-restoration interface. The internal marginal adaptation by means of μCT analysis revealed gaps formation at the tooth–restoration interface only for BT group, while an intimate contact free of gaps were found in the other two groups. Moreover, in BT and BF groups voids were present within the restoration.

Significance

BG and BF techniques can be considered as reliable alternatives to BT technique, as they simplify the class II restoration without transforming it into class I, thus ensuring a successful result.

中文翻译：

用于修复 II 类蛀牙的三种不同批量填充技术的比较：μCT、SEM-EDS 边缘和内部配合评估的组合分析

客观的

评估三种不同的散装填充技术在修复 II 类空腔的内部适应和外部边缘密封方面的行为。

方法

使用了十五颗拔除的完好臼齿。在每颗牙齿中制备两个标准化的II类近中/远侧咬合（MO/DO）槽洞，长4毫米，宽4毫米，深3毫米，获得n=30个洞预备体。根据三种散装填充技术，将空腔随机分为三组（每组 n = 10）：散装传统（BT）、散装＆Go（BG）和散装＆流动（BF）。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对牙齿进行分析，以研究外部边缘密封。此后，通过能量色散X射线光谱（EDS）分析牙齿修复界面的化学成分。通过微型计算机断层扫描 (μCT) 获得 SEM 和 EDS 的补充信息，以评估内部配合。