Highly electrocatalytic cuprous halide/copper oxide nanoparticles (CuX@CunO NPs; X = Cl, Br or I; n = 1 or 2) have been fabricated on copper foils for sensitive detection of glucose. Formation of CuX@Cu_nO NPs involves two steps– in situ electrochemical deposition of CuX on the foil and then conversion of CuX to CunO. The deposited CuX converts to CunO, leading to the generation of abundant oxygen vacancies in the CuO lattice, enhancing the number of catalytically active sites, and improving the charge transfer efficiency. Among the as-prepared electrodes, CuBr@CuO NP ones provide the highest electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of glucose. The electrode provides electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of glucose at a low overpotential of 0.25 V (vs. SCE), which is lower than that (0.40 V) of unmodified copper electrodes. The generated anodic current is proportional to glucose concentration in an alkaline medium, with a good linear range from 5.0 μM to 3.51 mM (R² = 0.995). Its reliability has been validated by detecting the glucose concentration in saliva samples at different time intervals after a meal. The results are in good correlation with the blood glucose level determined by using a commercial blood glucose meter. Our CuBr@CuO NP electrode possesses great potential for monitoring salivary glucose to achieve the purpose of noninvasive glucose monitoring for patients with diabetes in the future.

高电催化卤化亚铜/氧化铜纳米粒子（CuX@CunO​​ NPs；X = Cl、Br 或 I；n = 1 或 2）已在铜箔上制造，用于灵敏检测葡萄糖。CuX@Cu _{n 的}形成O NPs 涉及两个步骤——CuX 在箔上的原位电化学沉积，然后将 CuX 转化为 CunO。沉积的CuX转化为CuO，导致CuO晶格中产生丰富的氧空位，增加催化活性位点的数量，提高电荷转移效率。在所制备的电极中，CuBr@CuO NP 电极对葡萄糖的氧化具有最高的电催化活性。该电极在 0.25 V（相对于 SCE）的低过电位下提供对葡萄糖氧化的电催化活性，低于未改性铜电极的过电位（0.40 V）。产生的阳极电流与碱性介质中的葡萄糖浓度成正比，线性范围从 5.0 μM 到 3.51 mM ( R ²= 0.995）。通过在餐后不同时间间隔检测唾液样本中的葡萄糖浓度，验证了其可靠性。结果与使用市售血糖仪测定的血糖水平有很好的相关性。我们的CuBr@CuO NP电极在监测唾液葡萄糖方面具有巨大潜力，可以实现未来对糖尿病患者进行无创血糖监测的目的。